In the long history of mankind's existence, nature's forces have influenced human existence to a great extent. Of all natural disasters, the least understood and most destructive are earthquakes. Their claim of human lives and material losses constantly force people to search for better protection, still a great challenge for engineers and researchers worldwide. Although important progress has been done in understanding seismic activity and developing buildings technology, a better way of protecting buildings on large scale is still in search. The essential features of earthquake resistance structure are stable foundation design, regularity, ductility, adequate stiffness, redundancy, and ruggedness. The chapter focuses on increasing the knowledge dictum of earthquake resistant design and discusses the various sorts of issues and challenges. It also presents a wide view on optimization techniques that are required to be done in the latest technology currently in practice so as to achieve the optimum design techniques.
Seismic performance of group pile foundation with ground improvement during liquefaction