Artificial seed technology: A brief review

For successful application of artificial seed technology to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), parental plants must possess the necessary genes for somatic embryogenesis and produce progeny having high commercial value. A backcross procedure was initiated to transfer the ability to form somatic embryos from genotype A70-34, a selection from the cultivar Rangelander, to multiple-pest-resistant alfalfa germplasm. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the growth characteristics and seed yield of the F1; BC1 and BC2 generations to determine if introgression with commercial germplasm had improved the agronomic features of the embryogenic germplasm. This study consisted of two field experiments, each conducted at two locations. One experiment evaluated herbage growth characteristics and herbage production at Elora and Woodstock, Ontario, and the other evaluated seed yield at Elora and Delhi, Ontario. Significant increases in fall regrowth height, leaflet length:width ratio, and seed yield were detected over the cycles of crossing. By the BC2, fall dormancy and leaflet length:width ratio were similar to those in commercial populations. Although improvements in seed yield were detected, the BC2 was inferior in seed yield compared with commercial germplasm, and further introgression and (or) conscious selection for improved seed yield will be required. Through a population backcross procedure, it appears possible to develop commercial alfalfa germplasm capable of in vitro manipulation. Key words: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, backcross

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Micropropagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) SW., A Medicinal Orchid by Artificial Seeds Technology

Journal of Natural History Museum ◽

10.3126/jnhm.v28i0.14166 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 42-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shreeti Pradhan ◽

Babu Lal Tiruwa ◽

Bijay R Subedee ◽

Bijaya Pant

Keyword(s):

Basal Medium ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Artificial Seeds ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed ◽

Cymbidium Aloifolium ◽

Medicinal Orchid

Artificial seed technology is a rapidly growing area of research in plant cell and tissue culture. Application of this technology opens an alternative route for mass scale production, efficient delivery of cloned plantlets and fulfils the increasing demand of local growers. An attempt was made to produce artificial seeds and their subsequent regeneration of a highly valuable medicinal orchid of Nepal i.e. Cymbidium aloifolium. Artificial seeds were obtained through encapsulation of protocorms in calcium alginate beads. Protocorms were encapsulated by using 3% sodium alginate and 0.2 M calcium chloride solution. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (1962) was used as the basal medium for in vitro germination and seedling development of artificial seed. In Cymbidium aloifolium, 20-25 days old in vitro grown protocorms were used for production of artificial seeds. Artificial seeds were inoculated on two different culture conditions of MS medium i.e. MS solid & MS liquid with four different treatments i.e. strength of 1.0, ½, ¼ and MS media supplemented with plant growth regulators viz. BAP (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l). Highest percentage of germination (100%) and plantlet conversion was found on hormone free full strength (1.0 MS) of MS liquid medium after 13-14 weeks of culture. Plantlets regenerated from artificial seeds with well developed shoot and root systems were successfully acclimatized in potting mixture of cocopeat, litter and sphagnum moss in a ratio 2:1:1.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 42-48

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Development of artificial seed and preservation in Mimosa pudica L., an important medicinal plant in Bangladesh

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v22i0.30013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 89-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

LA Banu ◽

M Harun Or Rashid ◽

MA Bari Miah

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Alginate Beads ◽

Nodal Segments ◽

Synthetic Seed ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Mimosa Pudica ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed ◽

Important Medicinal Plant

Context: Mimosa pudica L. is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family- Mimosaceae has becoming a rare species in Bangladesh. The application of artificial seed technology using encapsulated shoot tips and nodal segments may contribute to the protection of rare and threatened medicinal plant like Mimosa pudica L.Objective: Synthetic seed technology has been developed for Mimosa pudica L. in order to develop an alternative protocol on propagation and conservation.Materials and Methods: For this purpose shoot tip and nodal segments obtained from in vitro grown plants were encapsulated with sodium alginate solution followed by subsequent immersion in CaCl2 solution. Different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators were used and explants were treated in alginate bead to investigate the hormonal effect on artificial seed germination. These encapsulated seeds were cultured either on MS medium with hormone (same growth regulators containing alginate beads) or MS0 (without hormone).Results: Highest shoot regeneration frequency (100%) were recorded when alginate beads were infused by MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA and cultured in MS medium containing same growth regulators. When synthetic seed containing 2.0 mg/l BAP+0.2 mg/l NAA and cultured on MS0 medium, 54% explants produced multifarious root with shoot in both cases. Under different storage period encapsulated seed retained germination capacity even after preserving for 60 days at 4°C.Conclusion: For artificial seed production a suitable protocol established under this study for Mimosa pudica L. that provides an alternative method for micropropagation and its conservation. For long term storage of Mimosa pudica in Bangladesh this protocol would provide promising avenues for the easy transference of propagules and its improvement.J. bio-sci. 22: 89-99, 2014

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Alfalfa: A Model for the Development of Dry Artificial Seed Technology

Seed Development and Germination ◽

10.1201/9780203740071-31 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 833-846

Author(s):

Bryan D. McKersie

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed

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Present Situation and Problems in Artificial Seed Technology.

KAGAKU TO SEIBUTSU ◽

10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.30.371 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 371-379

Author(s):

Hiroshi KAMADA ◽

Yoshinobu TACHIKAWA

Keyword(s):

Present Situation ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed

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Efficient Plant Regeneration of <i>Cymbidium aloifolium</i> (L.) Sw., a Threatened Orchid of Nepal through Artificial Seed Technology

American Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.4236/ajps.2016.714179 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 07 (14) ◽

pp. 1964-1974 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shreeti Pradhan ◽

Babu Lal Tiruwa ◽

Bijay Raj Subedee ◽

Bijaya Pant

Keyword(s):

Plant Regeneration ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed ◽

Cymbidium Aloifolium

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Development of Artificial Seed Technology and Preservation in Sugar Beet

Sugar Tech ◽

10.1007/s12355-012-0146-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 312-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aida A. Rizkalla ◽

Awatef M. Badr-Elden ◽

Mahmoud El-Sayed Ottai ◽

M. I. Nasr ◽

Marwa N. M. Esmail

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed

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Study on Artificial Seeds of Plants

Journal of Botanical Research ◽

10.30564/jrb.v2i4.2157 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Shan Han ◽

Minran Yang ◽

Yanyi Chen

Keyword(s):

Somatic Hybrids ◽

Low Cost ◽

Test Tube ◽

Hybrid Generation ◽

Artificial Seeds ◽

Genetic Traits ◽

Seed Technology ◽

Artificial Seed ◽

The World ◽

Mass Reproduction

The establishment and development of artificial seed technology is to quickly reproduce excellent varieties or hybrids, which can be applied to hybrid generation seeds produced by the three-two line method. For some varieties that are difficult to propagate with seeds or plant species with unstable genetic traits and poor fertility, artificial seed technology can also be used for mass reproduction. In particular, some new plants created through genetic engineering, such as somatic hybrids or transgenic plants, can be propagated or maintained by artificial seed technology. In addition, artificial seed technology can be used for the maintenance and rapid propagation of virus-free seedlings. Compared with ordinary test tube seedlings, artificial seeds have low cost, convenient transportation, and to a certain extent reduce vitrified seedlings. In particular, the production of artificial seeds does not occupy a large amount of soil. It can be produced all year round. Therefore, the research on artificial seeds has developed rapidly in the world.

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