scholarly journals Adaptive significance of amylase polymorphism in drosophila, XV: Examination of genotype-by-environment interactions on the viability, developmental time and stability of drosophila subobscura homozygous for Amy during exposure to nutritional changes

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1273-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Savic ◽  
Aleksandra Patenkovic ◽  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
M. Andjelkovic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Amylase Polymorphism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nutritional Changes

Due to the direct interaction between enzyme and substrate, the amylase system can provide valuable information on the relationship between homozygosity and developmental homeostasis under a changing environment in several Drosophila species, The adaptive significance of the relationship between genetic variability and environmental change manifests through the well-known polymorphism of the amylase locus (Amy). We examined the effect of gradual and abrupt changes in starch concentration in the nutritional substrate, on the developmental time, egg-to-adult viability and phenotypic plasticity in the progeny of Drosophila subobscura that was homozygous for ?fast? (AmyF/AmyF) and ?slow? (AmyS/AmyS) Amy alleles. Our findings show that gradual and abrupt nutritional changes exert a significant effect on developmental time and viability. A high heterogeneity among genotypes in fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and no direct association between FA and fitness components under the two experimental regimes of environmental change were observed.

scholarly journals Adaptive significance of amylase polymorphism in Drosophila. X. Analysis of alpha-amylase activity of two amylase variants in individual Drosophila subobscura flies.

1995 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna STOJILJKOVIC ◽  
Mirjana MILANOVIC ◽  
Mirjana MILOSEVIC ◽  
Marko ANDJELKOVIC ◽  
Dragoslav MARINKOVIC
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Amylase Polymorphism

Adaptive significance of amylase polymorphism in Drosophila. X. Analysis of alpha-amylase activity of two amylase variants in individual Drosophila subobscura flies

1995 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
Vesna STOJILJKOVIC ◽  
Mirjana MILANOVIC ◽  
Mirjana MILOSEVIC ◽  
Marko ANDJELKOVIC ◽  
Dragoslav MARINKOVIC
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Amylase Polymorphism

Molecular biology of enzyme adaptations in higher eukaryotes

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donal A. Hickey ◽  
Bernhard F. Benkel ◽  
Charalambos Magoulas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Evolutionary Genetics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Eukaryotic Genes ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
The Relationship

Multicellular eukaryotes have evolved complex homeostatic mechanisms that buffer the majority of their cells from direct interaction with the external environment. Thus, in these organisms long-term adaptations are generally achieved by modulating the developmental profile and tissue specificity of gene expression. Nevertheless, a subset of eukaryotic genes are still involved in direct responses to environmental fluctuations. It is the adaptative responses in the expression of these genes that buffers many other genes from direct environmental effects. Both microevolutionary and macroevolutionary patterns of change in the structure and regulation of such genes are illustrated by the sequences encoding α-amylases. The molecular biology and evolution of α-amylases in Drosophila and other higher eukaryotes are presented. The amylase system illustrates the effects of both long-term and short-term natural selection, acting on both the structural and regulatory components of a gene–enzyme system. This system offers an opportunity for linking evolutionary genetics to molecular biology, and it allows us to explore the relationship between short-term microevolutionary changes and long-term adaptations.Key words: gene regulation, molecular evolution, eukaryotes, Drosophila, amylase.

scholarly journals Rock art and the prehistoric landscape of Galicia: the results of field survey 1992–1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 347-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bradley ◽  
Felipe Criado Boado ◽  
Ramón Fábregas Valcarce
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
North West ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discusses the relationship between the earlier prehistoric pattern of settlement in Atlantic Europe and the creation of rock art. It investigates the organisation of the Copper Age and Early Bronze Age landscape of north-west Spain using the evidence provided by the distribution, siting, and composition of rock carvings. It presents the results of field survey in three sample areas extending from the centre to the outer edge of their distribution. Although these drawings cannot be interpreted as illustrations of daily life, they may have helped to define rights to particular resources in an area which experienced abrupt changes of ground conditions over the course of the year.

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