scholarly journals Association between risk factors, basal viral load, virus genotype and the degree of liver fibrosis with the response to the therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuk Vukovic ◽  
Dejan Baskic ◽  
Zeljko Mijailovic ◽  
Predrag Djurdjevic ◽  
Danijela Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Background/Aim. Hepatitis C is an important sociomedical problem worldwide due to frequent progression to chronic disease, occurrence of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Standard pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin therapy results in resolution of infection only in 50% of patients. The aim of this study was to determine the association of various factors with response to the therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Age and sex of patients, inoculation risk factors, histopathological changes in the liver, viral load and HCV genotype were analyzed. Methods. The study included a group of 121 patients with chronic HCV infection. The treatment was carried out 24 weeks for virus genotype 2 and 3, and 48 weeks for genotype 1 and 4. The degree of histopathological changes in the liver was determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, whereas polimerase chain reaction was used for HCV genotyping. Results. In the group of non-responding patients genotype 1 was represented with 100%, while in the other groups, although predominantly present, its percentage was lower. Unresponsiveness to therapy and relapse of disease were associated with higher viral load and advanced fibrosis. Intravenous use of psychoactive substances, as a risk factor, was present in a high percentage in the group of patients with sustained response, while blood transfusion and dialysis were leading risk factors in the group of relapse responders and non-responders. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that the treatment outcome of chronic HCV infection was associated with baseline HCV ribonucleic acid, HCV genotype, route of infection and the degree of histopathological changes in the liver.

scholarly journals Clinical, Biochemical and Virological Profile of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection - A Study from University Hospital in Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Dipesh Gurubacharya ◽  
Mohan Khadka ◽  
Khadga B Shreshta ◽  
Prem Khadga ◽  
Sashi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Hcv Genotypes ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health challenge. It is a major cause for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Both the genotype and viral load of HCV determine the choice of therapy as well as outcome of therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical, biochemical and virological profile and association of HCV genotypes with viral load and liver biochemical profile.Material and Methods: This was descriptive observational study of chronic HCV infected patients who attended at the outpatient clinic of Department of Gastroenterology of TUTH, IOM from April 2013 to November 2014. During this study period 38 patients with chronic HCV infection were analyzed. Clinical profile, possible risk factors for transmission of HCV infection and liver biochemical profile were recorded. Virological profile included HCV viral load and HCV genotypes.Results: Out of 38 patients 34(89.5%) were male and 4(10.5%) were female. Injection drug use (IDU) was the most common mode for acquisition of HCV infection (55.3%). Genotype 3 was found in 21(55.26%) patients and genotype 1 was found in 17(44.74%) patients. There was no significant association between HCV genotypes and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level. And also there was no significant association between HCV viral load and different HCV genotypes.Conclusions: In our study HCV genotype 3 was the most prevalent genotype in patients with chronic HCV infection. Injection drug use was identified as most common identifiable risk factor for transmission of HCV infection. There was no significant association between different HCV genotypes and serum ALT, AST level and HCV viral load. Journal of Nobel College of Medicine Vol.4(1) 2015: 32-35

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection With Crushed Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Administered via a Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Jindracek ◽  
Jennifer Stark
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Peg Tube

Introduction: Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®) is a fixed-dose tablet indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There are currently no data available on the safety and efficacy of crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir tablets. Case Summary: This report describes the first documented case of successful treatment of chronic HCV infection in a patient crushing ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for administration via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. The patient was treatment experienced and had evidence of compensated cirrhosis. Treatment duration was 24 weeks, and HCV RNA was undetectable 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12) which is the accepted measure of a clinical cure. Discussion: Issues may arise during or prior to starting HCV treatment that necessitate crushing tablets. Stopping or interrupting HCV treatment could lead to development of resistance or treatment failure. Conclusion: This is the first published case in which crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir administered via a PEG tube is documented as a safe and effective option for treatment of chronic HCV infection.

scholarly journals Treatment options for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
Ivanko Bojic ◽  
Ljubisa Dokic ◽  
Svetlana Minic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Introduction. The incidence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is rather high. Its most frequent consequences are chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment of chronic HCV infection. In treatment of chronic HCV infection, interferons have antiviral, anriproliferative, and immunoregulatory action. Within the cell, they induce protein synthesis, inhibiting viral replication. The most important among them are RNA dependent protein kinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor. However, viral proteins prevent their phosphorylation and activation. In order to overcome this problem, treatment is prolonged, higher doses of IFN are used, as well as induction therapy. The optimal period for viral response is 52 weeks, while induction therapy has shown controversial results. .

scholarly journals Evidence for Protection against Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Chimpanzees by Immunization with Replicating Recombinant Vaccinia Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (21) ◽  
pp. 10896-10905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Won Youn ◽  
Yu-Wen Hu ◽  
Nancy Tricoche ◽  
Wolfram Pfahler ◽  
Mohamed Tarek Shata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

ABSTRACT Given the failures of nonreplicating vaccines against chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we hypothesized that a replicating viral vector may provide protective immunity. Four chimpanzees were immunized transdermally twice with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) expressing HCV genes. After challenge with 24 50% chimpanzee infective doses of homologous HCV, the two control animals that had received only the parental VV developed chronic HCV infection. All four immunized animals resolved HCV infection. The difference in the rate of chronicity between the immunized and the control animals was close to statistical significance (P = 0.067). Immunized animals developed vigorous gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot responses and moderate proliferative responses. To investigate cross-genotype protection, the immunized recovered chimpanzees were challenged with a pool of six major HCV genotypes. During the acute phase after the multigenotype challenge, all animals had high-titer viremia in which genotype 4 dominated (87%), followed by genotype 5 (13%). However, after fluctuating low-level viremia, the viremia finally turned negative or persisted at very low levels. This study suggests the potential efficacy of replicating recombinant vaccinia virus-based immunization against chronic HCV infection.

scholarly journals The TNFA -308G>A and IL10 -1082A>G Polymorphisms as Predictive Biomarkers of Chronic HCV Infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Menezes Santiago ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Simone Regina Souza da Silva Conde ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Polymorphic Genotype ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Background: Genetic changes may induce dysregulated cytokine production and affect the progression of the chronic disease caused by the hepacivirus C (HCV) because the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines determines the outcome of infection. This study evaluated the TNFA -308G>A and IL10 -1082A>G polymorphisms in the susceptibility and progress of chronic hepatitis CMethods: The study included 101 samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C and 300 samples from healthy donors. Polymorphisms were typed by real-time PCR and were analyzed for associations with histopathological parameters (according to METAVIR classification) and HCV viral load. Results: The polymorphic genotype for the TNFA -308G>A variant was not present in the group of patients with chronic hepatitis C and was associated with protection against HCV infection (p = 0.0477). Patients with the polymorphic genotype of the IL10 -1082A>G polymorphism had higher HCV viral load than wild-type patients (p = 0.0428). Neither polymorphism was associated with different levels of necroinflammatory activity or fibrosis scores. Conclusion: The polymorphic genotype at TNFA -308G>A protected against chronic HCV infection, and the polymorphic genotype at the IL10 -1082A>G variant was associated with viral persistence.

Patterns of viral load decline with telaprevir-based therapy in patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Gaston Picchio ◽  
Sandra De Meyer ◽  
Inge Dierynck ◽  
Anne Ghys ◽  
Linda Gritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Epidemiological Situation of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Russia and the Samara Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
OV Churbakova ◽  
VG Akimkin ◽  
VV Pavlov ◽  
DV Pechkurov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Introduction: The ongoing adverse situation with the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection makes it especially relevant to assess the epidemiological situation of this infection in the country as a whole and the Samara Region. Our objective was to determine characteristics of the epidemic process of chronic HCV infection in the territory of the Russian Federation and the Samara Region in 1997–2018. Results and discussion: We observed a dynamic 5.88-fold increase in the Russian rates of chronic HCV infection in 1997–2014 from 6.7 0/0000 to 39.4 0/0000 (p < 0.01) followed by a decrease by 16.5 % in 2015–2018 (from 39.2 0/0000 to 32.7 0/0000). In the Samara Region, we traced a periodic wave-like increase alternating with small drops in the prevalence rates during the whole observation period. In 1997–2016, the rates of chronic HCV infection rose from 5.2 0/0000 to 58.0 0/0000 (by 11.2 times; p < 0.01) and declined slightly from 58.0 0/0000 to 56.2 0/0000 in 2016–2018. The maximum rates of chronic HCV infection in the child population of the Samara Region were registered in 2002 and 2012 (7.1 0/0000 and 7.2 0/0000, respectively) with the minimum of 1.9 0/0000 noted in 2017. The analysis of the epidemiological situation of chronic hepatitis is important for subsequent trend forecasting and developing appropriate preventive measures.

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