Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection With Crushed Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Administered via a Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Jindracek ◽  
Jennifer Stark
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Peg Tube

Introduction: Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®) is a fixed-dose tablet indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There are currently no data available on the safety and efficacy of crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir tablets. Case Summary: This report describes the first documented case of successful treatment of chronic HCV infection in a patient crushing ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for administration via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. The patient was treatment experienced and had evidence of compensated cirrhosis. Treatment duration was 24 weeks, and HCV RNA was undetectable 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12) which is the accepted measure of a clinical cure. Discussion: Issues may arise during or prior to starting HCV treatment that necessitate crushing tablets. Stopping or interrupting HCV treatment could lead to development of resistance or treatment failure. Conclusion: This is the first published case in which crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir administered via a PEG tube is documented as a safe and effective option for treatment of chronic HCV infection.

scholarly journals Treatment options for chronic hepatitis C virus infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
Ivanko Bojic ◽  
Ljubisa Dokic ◽  
Svetlana Minic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Introduction. The incidence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is rather high. Its most frequent consequences are chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment of chronic HCV infection. In treatment of chronic HCV infection, interferons have antiviral, anriproliferative, and immunoregulatory action. Within the cell, they induce protein synthesis, inhibiting viral replication. The most important among them are RNA dependent protein kinase, and eukaryotic initiation factor. However, viral proteins prevent their phosphorylation and activation. In order to overcome this problem, treatment is prolonged, higher doses of IFN are used, as well as induction therapy. The optimal period for viral response is 52 weeks, while induction therapy has shown controversial results. .

scholarly journals Evidence for Protection against Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Chimpanzees by Immunization with Replicating Recombinant Vaccinia Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (21) ◽  
pp. 10896-10905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Won Youn ◽  
Yu-Wen Hu ◽  
Nancy Tricoche ◽  
Wolfram Pfahler ◽  
Mohamed Tarek Shata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

ABSTRACT Given the failures of nonreplicating vaccines against chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we hypothesized that a replicating viral vector may provide protective immunity. Four chimpanzees were immunized transdermally twice with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) expressing HCV genes. After challenge with 24 50% chimpanzee infective doses of homologous HCV, the two control animals that had received only the parental VV developed chronic HCV infection. All four immunized animals resolved HCV infection. The difference in the rate of chronicity between the immunized and the control animals was close to statistical significance (P = 0.067). Immunized animals developed vigorous gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot responses and moderate proliferative responses. To investigate cross-genotype protection, the immunized recovered chimpanzees were challenged with a pool of six major HCV genotypes. During the acute phase after the multigenotype challenge, all animals had high-titer viremia in which genotype 4 dominated (87%), followed by genotype 5 (13%). However, after fluctuating low-level viremia, the viremia finally turned negative or persisted at very low levels. This study suggests the potential efficacy of replicating recombinant vaccinia virus-based immunization against chronic HCV infection.

Epidemiological Situation of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Russia and the Samara Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
OV Churbakova ◽  
VG Akimkin ◽  
VV Pavlov ◽  
DV Pechkurov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Introduction: The ongoing adverse situation with the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection makes it especially relevant to assess the epidemiological situation of this infection in the country as a whole and the Samara Region. Our objective was to determine characteristics of the epidemic process of chronic HCV infection in the territory of the Russian Federation and the Samara Region in 1997–2018. Results and discussion: We observed a dynamic 5.88-fold increase in the Russian rates of chronic HCV infection in 1997–2014 from 6.7 0/0000 to 39.4 0/0000 (p < 0.01) followed by a decrease by 16.5 % in 2015–2018 (from 39.2 0/0000 to 32.7 0/0000). In the Samara Region, we traced a periodic wave-like increase alternating with small drops in the prevalence rates during the whole observation period. In 1997–2016, the rates of chronic HCV infection rose from 5.2 0/0000 to 58.0 0/0000 (by 11.2 times; p < 0.01) and declined slightly from 58.0 0/0000 to 56.2 0/0000 in 2016–2018. The maximum rates of chronic HCV infection in the child population of the Samara Region were registered in 2002 and 2012 (7.1 0/0000 and 7.2 0/0000, respectively) with the minimum of 1.9 0/0000 noted in 2017. The analysis of the epidemiological situation of chronic hepatitis is important for subsequent trend forecasting and developing appropriate preventive measures.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Glycan-Dependent Interactions and the Potential for Novel Preventative Strategies

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle V. LeBlanc ◽  
Youjin Kim ◽  
Chantelle J. Capicciotti ◽  
Che C. Colpitts
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Entry Inhibitors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections continue to be a major contributor to liver disease worldwide. HCV treatment has become highly effective, yet there are still no vaccines or prophylactic strategies available to prevent infection and allow effective management of the global HCV burden. Glycan-dependent interactions are crucial to many aspects of the highly complex HCV entry process, and also modulate immune evasion. This review provides an overview of the roles of viral and cellular glycans in HCV infection and highlights glycan-focused advances in the development of entry inhibitors and vaccines to effectively prevent HCV infection.

scholarly journals Atherosclerosis as a Possible Extrahepatic Manifestation of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 8s3 ◽  
pp. CMC.S17069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobukazu Ishizaka ◽  
Yuko Ishizaka ◽  
Minoru Yamkado
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Chronic infection and associated inflammation may play a role in various unfavorable pathologic conditions, including atherosclerosis. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is thought to be associated with a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular changes in the coronary artery, cerebrovascular artery, and carotid artery; however, little is known about the precise mechanisms by which HCV enhances atherogenic processes. Furthermore, some studies have found no association, or even an inverse association, between HCV infection and atherosclerotic vascular changes or cardiovascular events. Differences in data regarding the mode of association may be because of variations in sample size, target population, and study design. Nevertheless, physicians should be aware of cardiovascular disorders as a possible comorbidity – owing to their considerable consequences – among patients with chronic HCV infection.

Response of Ns5a inhibitors resistant patients to Qurevo-Sovaldi-Ribavirin regimen as a retreatment strategy for chronic hepatitis c virus infection

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A Moanes ◽  
Hesham H Radwan ◽  
Yasser O Abd El Rahman ◽  
Mostafa M Abd El Nabi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sustained Virological Response ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Abstract Background Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a major global health challenge; it is estimated that more than 80 million people are chronically infected worldwide, with 3–4 million new infections and 350 000 deaths occurring each year because of HCV-related complications. Aim of the work to determine the efficacy of Qurevo-Sovaldi-Ribavirin regimen as a retreatment strategy in NS5A inhibitors (Sofosbuvir & Daclatasvir) resistant patients infected with chronic hepatitis C virus. Patients and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on 20 chronic hepatitis C virus infected patients in The centre of HCV treatment at El Quabary specialized centers in Alexandria where large number of patients receiving their HCV treatment. Results all patients (20/20) achieved sustained virological response after 3 months of the last dose of treatment (SVR12). Conclusion the new retreatment strategy composed of the triple therapy Qurevo (Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir)/Sofosbuvir/Ribavirin is effective in the treatment of chronic HCV infected patients previously treated with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir/Ribavirin for 12 weeks without achieving sustained virological response (Ns5a inhibitors resistant chronic HCV patients).

scholarly journals Comparative study between two 2D-Shear Waves Elastography techniques for the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Bâldea ◽  
Felix Bende ◽  
Alina Popescu ◽  
Roxana Șirli ◽  
Ioan Sporea
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Aims: We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of two 2D-Shear Wave Elastography (2D-SWE) techniques for the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using Transient Elas-tography (TE) as reference. Material and methods: We enrolled 208 consecutive patients with chronic HCV infection, in which liver stiffness (LS) was evaluated in the same session using two 2D-SWE techniques: 2D-SWE.GE and 2D-SWE.SSI using TE as the method of reference. LS measurements were considered failures when no value was obtained after 10 attempts. Results: Valid LSMs were obtained in 95.6% (199/208) of cases by 2D-SWE.GE, 92.7% (193/208) of cases by 2D-SWE.SSI, and in 94.7% (197/208) of cases by TE (p>0.05). The mean LS values by 2D-SWE.GE were significantly lower than those obtained by 2D-SWE.SSI: 10.3±3.8 kPa vs. 15±10.4 kPa (p<0.0001). 2D-SWE.GE LSMs correlated better with TE than 2D-SWE.SSI (r=0.75, p<0.0001 vs. r=0.57, p<0.0001, z test p=0.0012). Linear regression analysis showed a moderate correlation between LSMs obtained by 2D-SWE.GE and 2D-SWE.SSI (r=0.63, R2=0.4, P<0.0001). Pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) found no significant differences between 2D-SWE.GE and 2D-SWE.SSI in identifying F≥2 fibrosis (0.97 vs. 0.96, P = 0.5650), F≥3 (0.97 vs. 0.95, P = 0.2935), or F=4 (0.97 vs. 0.96, p = 0.6914). Conclusions: Both 2D-SWE techniques had good feasibility for the noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis. LS values obtained by 2D-SWE.GE were significantly lower than those obtained by 2D-SWE.SSI. No significant differences were found between both methods in staging liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Infection

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nissar Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

                                                     Hepatitis C Virus Infection                                                                  I have read with great interest the review entitled “Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Brief Review” recently published by Saleem Kamili and Hisham Qadri in JMS, SKIMS (Vol 23 No 1 (2020): Jan-Mar).Useful information has been presented and these efforts will definitely help the clinicians to treat Hepatitis C patients in a better and effective way. I wish to make the following comments on the diagnostic evaluation of Hepatitis C infection. This was need of an hour to know the prevalence, causes, symptoms and available treatment of this disorder. As we know the virus can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, ranging in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. New HCV infections are usually asymptomatic. Some persons get acute hepatitis which does not lead to a life-threatening disease. It is important to note here that around 30% (15–45%) of infected persons spontaneously clear the virus within 6 months of infection without any treatment. The remaining 70% (55–85%) of persons will develop chronic HCV infection. Of those with chronic HCV infection, the risk of cirrhosis ranges between 15% and 30% within 20 years. Globally, an estimated 71 million people have chronic hepatitis C virus infection. WHO estimated that in 2016, approximately 399 000 people died from hepatitis C, mostly from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma primary liver cancer).Antiviral medicines can cure more than 95% of persons with hepatitis C infection, thereby reducing the risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer, but access to diagnosis and treatment is low.        

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection: An internist’s opinion (Part 1)

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
M L Zubkin ◽  
V I Chervinko ◽  
Yu V Ovchinnikov ◽  
E V Kryukov ◽  
O N Kotenko
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Mixed Cryoglobulinemia ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in not only chronic hepatitis and subsequent complications as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, but also in a significant number of other diseases, the so-called extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection. This is because of viral hepatotropicity and lymphotropicity. The most striking example of the course of chronic HCV infection, in which the infectious and inflammatory processes are concurrent with autoimmune disorders and carcinogenesis, is mixed cryoglobulinemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The pathogenesis of these diseases is based on the clonal expansion of B cells, which occurs under their prolonged stimulation with the virus or viral proteins. Part 1 of this review is devoted to the analysis of a correlation of chronic HCV infection with lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disorders, as well as its association with kidney injury.

Genetic polymorphisms as the predictors of response to antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis C virus infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (22) ◽  
pp. 876-881
Author(s):  
Alajos Pár
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Chronic Hcv

The review discusses the genetic polymorphisms involved in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, that may determine the outcome of disease. In this field earlier both certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles and some cytokine gene variants have also been studied. Recently, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) and targeted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis have revealed that a variant in the promoter region of interleukin-28B (IL-28B) gene is strongly linked to viral clearance and it may be the strongest pretreatment predictor of treatment response in chronic hepatitis C. Last year it was shown that two genetic variants leading to inosine triphosphatase deficiency protect against haemolytic anemia in patients receiving ribavirin during antiviral treatment for chronic HCV infection. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 876–881.

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