Increasing Shoreline Erosion Rates with Decreasing Tidal Range in the Virginia Chesapeake Bay

1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates

scholarly journals Influences of Wave Climate and Sea Level on Shoreline Erosion Rates in the Maryland Chesapeake Bay

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence P. Sanford ◽  
Jia Gao
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Mass Rate ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract We investigated spatial correlations between wave forcing, sea level fluctuations, and shoreline erosion in the Maryland Chesapeake Bay (CB), in an attempt to identify the most important relationships and their spatial patterns. We implemented the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model and a parametric wave model from the USEPA Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) to simulate wave climate in CB from 1985 to 2005. Calibrated sea level simulations from the CBP hydrodynamic model over the same time period were also acquired. The separate and joint statistics of waves and sea level were investigated for the entire CB. Spatial patterns of sea level during the high wave events most important for erosion were dominated by local north-south winds in the upper Bay and by remote coastal forcing in the lower Bay. We combined wave and sea level data sets with estimates of historical shoreline erosion rates and shoreline characteristics compiled by the State of Maryland at two different spatial resolutions to explore the factors affecting erosion. The results show that wave power is the most significant influence on erosion in the Maryland CB, but that many other local factors are also implicated. Marshy shorelines show a more homogeneous, approximately linear relationship between wave power and erosion rates, whereas bank shorelines are more complex. Marshy shorelines appear to erode faster than bank shorelines, for the same wave power and bank height. A new expression for the rate of shoreline erosion is proposed, building on previous work. The proposed new relationship expresses the mass rate of shoreline erosion as a locally linear function of the difference between applied wave power and a threshold wave power, multiplied by a structure function that depends on the ratio of water depth to bank height.

scholarly journals Statistical model predicts shoreline erosion rates due to sea level rise

Eos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (50) ◽  
pp. 476-476
Author(s):  
Colin Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates

Shoreline Erosion in the Upper Chesapeake Bay: Point Lookout State Park to Calvert Cliffs State Park, Maryland, July 16, 1989

10.1029/ft233 ◽  
1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orrin H. Pilkey ◽  
Chistopher Zabawa ◽  
John Ernissee ◽  
Jordan Loran
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Shoreline Erosion

Shoreline Erosion and Restabilization in the Southern Indian Lake Reservoir

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Newbury ◽  
G. K. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
Minimum Period ◽  
M Wave ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Erosion Rates

Prior to a 3-m impoundment in 1976, bedrock comprised 76% of the shoreline of Southern Indian Lake in northern Manitoba. This was reduced to only 14% of the shoreline as the water level rose above the wave-washed zone and flooded into the predominantly fine-grained, frozen overburden materials. Twenty monitoring sites were surveyed annually to determine rates of permafrost melting and solifluction and shoreline erosion. The sequence of shoreline erosion in permafrost materials was found to be cyclic, consisting of melting and undercutting of the backshore zone, massive faulting of the overhanging shoreline, and removal of the melting and fractured debris. Rates of shoreline erosion varied widely, depending on the exposure of the site to wave action and the composition of the backshore materials. At sites in fine-grained frozen silts and clays, representative of over three quarters of the postimpoundment shoreline, rates of retreat of up to 12 m∙yr−1 were observed. The total volume of shoreline materials removed varied from less than 1 to over 23 m3∙m shoreline length−1∙yr−1. Clearing of the forested backshore prior to flooding did not affect the erosion rates. The index of erosion based on the hindcast wave energy component perpendicular to the shoreline was 0.00035 m3∙t-m wave energy−1 (0.036 m3∙MJ−1). The minimum period of restabilization of the shoreline based on the volume of backshore materials that must be eroded before bedrock conditions are reestablished was estimated to be 35 yr for three quarters of the shoreline surrounding the lake.

scholarly journals Archaeological Site Vulnerability Modelling: The Influence of High Impact Storm Events on Models of Shoreline Erosion in the Western Canadian Arctic

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. E. O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mackenzie Delta ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Substantial Risk

AbstractMuch of the Inuvialuit archaeological record is situated along shorelines of the western Canadian Arctic. These coastal sites are at substantial risk of damage due to a number of geomorphological processes at work in the region. The identification of threatened heritage remains is critical in the Mackenzie Delta, where landscape changes are taking place at an increasingly rapid pace. This paper outlines some preliminary observations from a research program directed toward identifying vulnerable archaeological remains within the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Coastal erosion rates have been calculated for over 280 km of the Kugmallit Bay shoreline, extending along the eastern extent of Richards Island and neighbouring areas of the Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula. Helicopter surveys conducted during the 2014 field season confirmed that areas exposed to heavy erosive forces in the past continue to erode at alarming rates. Some of the calculated rates, however, have proven far too conservative. An extreme period of erosion at Toker Point in the autumn of 2013 has yielded a prime example of how increasingly volatile weather patterns can influence shoreline erosion models. It has also provided a case with which to demonstrate the value of using more recent, shorter time-interval imagery in assessing impacts to cultural landscapes.

Statistical modeling of historic shore erosion rates on the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall K. Spoeri ◽  
Christopher F. Zabawa ◽  
Bruce Coulombe
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Shore Erosion

scholarly journals Coastal Erosion Affecting Cultural Heritage in Svalbard. A Case Study in Hiorthhamn (Adventfjorden)—An Abandoned Mining Settlement

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Ionut Cristi Nicu ◽  
Knut Stalsberg ◽  
Lena Rubensdotter ◽  
Vibeke Vandrup Martens ◽  
Anne-Cathrine Flyen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Accretion Rates ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Analysis System

Hiorthhamn is an abandoned Norwegian coal mining settlement with a loading dock and a lot of industrial infrastructure left in the coastal zone. In this study, changes in the position of 1.3 km of the Hiorthhamn shoreline, which affect cultural heritage, is described for a time-period spanning 92 years (1927–2019). The shoreline positions were established based on a map (1927), orthophotos (2009) and a topographic survey with differential Global Positioning System (GPS) (summer 2019). Detailed geomorphological and surface sediment mapping was conducted to form a framework for understanding shoreline-landscape interaction. The shoreline was divided into three sectors to calculate the erosion/stability/accretion rates by using the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) extension of ArcGIS. The DSAS analysis showed very high erosion in Sector 1, while Sectors 2 and 3 showed moderate accretion and moderate erosion, respectively. Sector 1 is geologically composed of easily erodible sorted beach sediments and protected remains from the mining industry such as wrecks of heavy machines, loading carts, wagons and rusty tracks that are directly exposed to coastal erosion. The all-sector average shoreline erosion rate (EPR parameter) for the 92 years period was −0.21 m/year. The high shoreline erosion rates in Sector 1, together with the high potential damage to cultural heritage, supports the urgent need of continued coastal monitoring and sustainable management of cultural heritage in Hiorthhamn.

scholarly journals Effects of reduced shoreline erosion on Chesapeake Bay water clarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 145157
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Turner ◽  
Pierre St-Laurent ◽  
Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs ◽  
Carl T. Friedrichs
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Shoreline Erosion
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