A Comparison of Feeding Areas Used by Individual Common Murres (Uria aalge), Razorbills (Alca torda) and an Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) during the Breeding Season

1990 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wanless ◽  
M. P. Harris ◽  
J. A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Alca Torda ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Atlantic Puffin

Energy Metabolism in the Locomotor Muscles of the Common Murre (Uria aalge) and the Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica)

The Auk ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benjamin Davis ◽  
Helga Guderley
Keyword(s):  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
The Common ◽  
Atlantic Puffin

Abstract To compare the metabolic systems that support the combination of flying and diving with those used to support burst flying and sustained flying, myoglobin concentrations and maximum enzyme activities were determined for selected enzymes of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and amino acid metabolism in the pectoral, supracoracoideus, and sartorius muscles of the Common Murre (Uria aalge), Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica), Rock Dove (Columba livia; hereafter "pigeon"), and Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). Glycolytic enzyme levels in the flight muscles were lower in the murre and the puffin than in the pheasant, while both glycolytic and Krebs-cycle enzyme levels resembled those in the pigeon. We believe puffins and murres do not rely extensively on anaerobic glycolysis during diving. In concordance with a role in oxygen storage for diving, the levels of myoglobin in the flight muscles of murres and puffins were higher than those in pigeons or pheasants. They were lower than published values for penguins, however. In contrast to the trends for pigeon and pheasant muscles, the alcid sartorius muscles had a considerably lower aerobic orientation than the flight muscles.

scholarly journals Aberrant Colouration in the Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica), the Common Murre (Uria aalge), and the Thick-billed Murre (U. lomvia) from Atlantic Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L Bond ◽  
Antony W Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutation ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Flight Mechanics ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Proper Form ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
The Common ◽  
Atlantic Puffin

The colour of birds’ plumage and bare parts is an important feature in choice of mate, camouflage, thermoregulation, species recognition, and flight mechanics. Abnormalities in colouration occur in a variety of species and can have important consequences for an individual’s survival and fitness. We present 7 new cases of colouration abnormalities in 3 species of auk (Alcidae) and review previous reports to correctly assign the proper form of abnormality to specimens in museums or photographs. Of the 53 reported colouration abnormalities, we reclassified 42, progressive greying being the most common (18 or 19 cases out of 42, 43–45%), followed by brown (10/42 cases, 24%), in addition to 6 cases of melanism, 4 of dilution, 2 of partial leucism, and 1 likely somatic mutation. Properly describing the form of colour abnormality improves our understanding of the frequency, causes, and consequences of aberrant colouration.

scholarly journals Overlap in Diets and Foraging of Common Murres (Uria Aalge) and Rhinoceros Auklets (Cerorhinca Monocerata) After the Breeding Season

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique M. Lance ◽  
Christopher W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Sand Lance ◽  
Cerorhinca Monocerata ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Pacific Sand Lance

AbstractCommon Murres (Uria aalge; hereafter “murres“) and Rhinoceros Auklets (Cerorhinca monocerata; hereafter “auklets“) breed and forage sympatrically over much of their range. They have similar diets during the breeding season, which suggests that they partition prey during the breeding season by foraging (1) at different locations, (2) at different times of day, (3) at different water depths, (4) on different proportions of the same prey species, or (5) some combination of the four. We examined possible mechanisms of niche partitioning during late summer and fall in Puget Sound, Washington, in 1993-1996. Murres and auklets fed mainly on Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii, occurring in 74.2% and 48.1%, respectively, of gastrointestinal tracts with contents), Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus; 45.8% and 62.3%), and salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) species (21.9% and 9.7%). Auklets also consumed considerable amounts of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus; 26.6%). Murres and auklets did not differ significantly (1) in their diet (between age classes or sexes of either species, or among years); (2) in mean lengths of Pacific herring (101 and 109 mm, respectively) and Pacific sand lance (82 and 86 mm) they consumed; or (3) in the mean depth (7–8 m) at which they were entangled in gill nets. Dietary diversity was low, with most gastrointestinal tracts containing only one or two prey species in both murres and auklets. Murres were caught and therefore presumably feed more frequently in the afternoon and evening; whereas auklets were entangled more often in early morning. We found differences between murres and auklets in the diel chronology of prey taken, which may partly explain how murres and auklets coexist during the breeding season and months thereafter, prior to auklet emigration from Puget Sound.Chevauchement du Régime Alimentaire et de la Quête Alimentaire chez Uria aalge et Cerorhinca monocerata après la Saison de Reproduction

Isotopic Discrimination (δ15N, δ13C) in Captive and Wild Common Murres (Uria aalge) and Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Jenkins ◽  
Julia Gulka ◽  
David J. Yurkowski ◽  
Nathalie R. Le François ◽  
Emiko Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Isotopic Discrimination ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Common Murres

scholarly journals Contrasting phenological and demographic responses of Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) and Razorbill (Alca torda) to climate change in the Gulf of Maine

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. Major ◽  
Sarah E. Durham ◽  
Natalia Fana ◽  
Joy E. Rivers ◽  
Antony W. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Breeding Performance ◽  
Hatch Date ◽  
Alca Torda ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Atlantic Puffin ◽  
Demographic Responses

The Gulf of Maine is warming faster than most of the world’s ocean and is also the southern-most limit for nesting, cold-adapted Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) and Razorbill (Alca torda). Beginning in 1995, the Atlantic Laboratory for Avian Research has collected annual data on phenology, productivity, and fledgling body condition for puffins and Razorbills nesting at Machias Seal Island. Here, we aimed to quantify changes in these measures of breeding performance and assess whether they are related to environmental conditions. As predicted, we found that all measures of breeding performance (except puffin fledge date) have changed between 1995 and 2020, and in many cases, puffins and Razorbills are responding differently. Specifically, hatch date has retreated for puffins (occurring approximately 1 week later in 2011–2020 than in 1995–2004) and advanced for Razorbills (occurring approximately 1 week earlier in 2011–2020 than in 1995–2004). We found that environmental conditions were important predictors for measures of breeding performance, but importance of environmental conditions differ both between the species and among the measures of breeding performance. As the climate continues to warm, we expect continued changes in breeding performance of puffins and Razorbills. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for differences between the 2 species and the impacts of continued warming.

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