Isotopic Discrimination (δ15N, δ13C) in Captive and Wild Common Murres (Uria aalge) and Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Jenkins ◽  
Julia Gulka ◽  
David J. Yurkowski ◽  
Nathalie R. Le François ◽  
Emiko Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Isotopic Discrimination ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Common Murres

scholarly journals Ecological interactions and habitat modification in nesting Common Murres, Uria aalge

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia K. Parrish ◽  
Robert T. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Habitat Modification ◽  
Haliaeetus Leucocephalus ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Bald Eagles ◽  
Predator Removal ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Corvus Caurinus ◽  
Common Murres

SummarySeabird populations suffer from a variety of natural and human-induced sources of mortality and loss of lifetime reproductive output. On the outer coast of Washington State, Common Murre Uria aalge populations have been in decline for approximately the last decade and are currently reproductively active only at Tatoosh Island. These murres nest in two basic habitat types: crevices (25% of the population) and larger cliff-top subcolonies (75%). Murres in cliff-top subcolonies have suffered dramatic reductions in reproductive success in recent years relative to conspecifics nesting in the crevices, primarily due to egg predation by Glaucous-winged Gulls Larus glaucescens and Northwestern Crows Corvus caurinus, facilitated by the presence of Bald Eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus. Because predator removal is not feasible and creation of additional crevice habitat is difficult, expensive and potentially ineffective, we have designed a temporary habitat modification (the “silk forest”) which replaces the natural vegetation cover and modifies the interaction between murres and eagles. Within the test subcolony, murres nesting under and immediately adjacent to the silk forest produced nearly twice as many eggs per square metre as their conspecifics nesting in adjacent exposed-ground areas.

Mortality rates of puffin Fratercula arctica and guillemot Uria aalge and fish abundance in the North Sea

1992 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Harris ◽  
R.S. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fish Abundance ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
The North ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
The North Sea

Exceptional variation in the appearance of Common Murre eggs reveals their potential as identity signals

The Auk ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim R Birkhead ◽  
Jamie E Thompson ◽  
Amelia R Cox ◽  
Robert D Montgomerie
Keyword(s):  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Trimodal Distribution ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Egg Traits ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract We studied the ground colors and maculations of 161 Common Murre (Uria aalge) eggs laid by 43 females in 3 small breeding groups on the cliffs of Skomer Island, Wales, in 2016–2018. Both the colors and maculations varied much more among than within females, providing quantitative evidence for the egg traits that might facilitate the parents’ ability to identify their own eggs on the crowded breeding ledges where the density is typically ~20 eggs m–2. Ground colors had a trimodal distribution of hue values (whitish to pale brown, pale blue, or vivid blue-green) and maculations ranged from none to complex squiggles and blotches. The eggs laid by each female in different years were similar to one another, and replacement eggs laid by females within years were also more similar to their first egg than to other eggs in the same breeding group. Egg appearance did not differ among the 3 breeding groups that we studied. Our findings thus support anecdotal observations that, within and between years, female Common Murres lay eggs that have similar ground colors and maculations. We do not, however, find evidence that there is much difference among the eggs laid in different parts of a colony.

OVERLAP IN DIETS AND FORAGING OF COMMON MURRES (URIA AALGE) AND RHINOCEROS AUKLETS (CERORHINCA MONOCERATA) AFTER THE BREEDING SEASON

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique M. Lance ◽  
Christopher W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Cerorhinca Monocerata ◽  
Common Murres

Post-fledging migration of common murres Uria aalge in the Baltic Sea: management implications

Ecography ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olof Olsson ◽  
Thord Fransson ◽  
Kjell Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Management Implications ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
The Baltic

Energy Metabolism in the Locomotor Muscles of the Common Murre (Uria aalge) and the Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica)

The Auk ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benjamin Davis ◽  
Helga Guderley
Keyword(s):  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Common Murre ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
The Common ◽  
Atlantic Puffin

Abstract To compare the metabolic systems that support the combination of flying and diving with those used to support burst flying and sustained flying, myoglobin concentrations and maximum enzyme activities were determined for selected enzymes of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and amino acid metabolism in the pectoral, supracoracoideus, and sartorius muscles of the Common Murre (Uria aalge), Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica), Rock Dove (Columba livia; hereafter "pigeon"), and Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). Glycolytic enzyme levels in the flight muscles were lower in the murre and the puffin than in the pheasant, while both glycolytic and Krebs-cycle enzyme levels resembled those in the pigeon. We believe puffins and murres do not rely extensively on anaerobic glycolysis during diving. In concordance with a role in oxygen storage for diving, the levels of myoglobin in the flight muscles of murres and puffins were higher than those in pigeons or pheasants. They were lower than published values for penguins, however. In contrast to the trends for pigeon and pheasant muscles, the alcid sartorius muscles had a considerably lower aerobic orientation than the flight muscles.

Restriction fragment analysis of mitochondrial DNA in Common Murres, Uria aalge, from four Norwegian seabird colonies

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1577-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truls Moum ◽  
Kjell Einar Erikstad ◽  
Eirik Bjørklid
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Ancestral Population ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Population Bottlenecks ◽  
Geographic Population ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Seabird Colonies

Alcid species (auks) breed in a restricted number of large seabird colonies and are considered highly philopatric. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Common Murres, Uria aalge, from four Norwegian colonies was investigated by restriction analysis to assess the amount of geographic population structure and genetic variability in a colonial breeder. Eleven restriction endonucleases revealed 13 mtDNA genotypes among 51 individuals. Genetic diversity was low, with an average of 0.11% (range 0.0–0.55%) sequence divergence between all individuals. Population divergence within the surveyed region seems to be minimal, demonstrated by the low levels of sequence divergence between colonies and lack of spatial structuring of genotypes. Such results can be expected if birds originated from a smaller ancestral population during glaciation, and may have been reinforced by repeated population bottlenecks and considerable gene flow between colonies.

Extra-pair copulations in common murres I: a mate attraction strategy?

Behaviour ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 1241-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen L. Cameron-Macmillan ◽  
Carolyn J. Walsh ◽  
Sabina I. Wilhelm ◽  
Anne E. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Mate Attraction ◽  
Extra Pair Paternity ◽  
Socially Monogamous ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Breeding Seasons

AbstractWe investigated the behavioural context of pair (PCs) and extra-pair copulations (EPCs) in individually-marked socially-monogamous, long-lived seabirds, common murres (Uria aalge). Since forced EPCs have been documented for this species, we first examined which sex controls successful (cloacal contact achieved) copulation. The finding that all successful copulations required female cooperation and crouching suggested that benefits of successful EPCs accrue primarily to females. In a group of murres for which paternity analyses indicated no extra-pair paternity, behavioural observations over five breeding seasons showed that individual females engaged in EPCs primarily under two circumstances: (1) before they were reunited with their mates, and (2) when they were in the process of re-pairing. There was no such relationship between EPCs and re-pairing for males. Successful EPCs occurred with familiar neighboring males of apparent high quality, indicated by their high ledge attendance and prior reproductive success rates. Thus, EPCs may be used by females to attract potential high quality mates in situations where females are attempting to re-pair as a result of divorce or mate death.

Population genetic structure in Atlantic and Pacific Ocean common murres (Uria aalge): natural replicate tests of post-Pleistocene evolution

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 4859-4873 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. MORRIS-POCOCK ◽  
S. A. TAYLOR ◽  
T. P. BIRT ◽  
M. DAMUS ◽  
J. F. PIATT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Uria Aalge ◽  
Common Murres
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