Continuity and Discontinuity in Ottoman Administrative Theory and Practice during the Late Seventeenth Century

Poetics Today ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhoads Murphey
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Administrative Theory ◽  
Continuity And Discontinuity

Milton's Alleged Ramism

PMLA ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1035-1053
Author(s):  
P. Albert Duhamel
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Practical Deliberation ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Recent Scholarship

Recent scholarship has tended to overstress Milton's adherence to Ramism and to overlook his significant deviations in both theory and practice. The distrust of the human thought processes in theoretical or practical deliberation and the faith in the immediate intuitive perception of logical relations, which is the ultra-spiritual epistemology implied throughout the Ramistic logics, were much more in keeping with the enthusiasm of the radical sects of the seventeenth century than with the rationalism of Milton. Milton was an independent thinker in logical matters as elsewhere and the balance of scholarly evaluation is in need of some readjustment.

JUST WAR IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: THE LEGITIMATION OF SWEDISH INTERVENTION IN THE THIRTY YEARS WAR

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
PÄRTEL PIIRIMÄE
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Just War ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Normative Language ◽  
Argumentative Strategy ◽  
Police Action

This article attempts to establish a connection between the practical legitimation of war and the theories of international law, examining Sweden's efforts to justify her intervention in the Thirty Years War in 1630. Swedish argumentative strategy is analysed in the light of two major traditions of thinking about war: theological and humanist ‘just war’ traditions. The article argues that Swedish leaders did not appeal to the more belligerent humanist arguments which would have enabled them to describe their campaign as a just war either on the grounds of pre-emptive defence or humanitarian intervention. Instead, they tried to interpret it as being within the limits set by the more restrictive theological tradition. This strategy eventually forced them to relinquish attempts to present their intervention as a genuine war and to develop an argument of ‘police-action’, even though it resulted in a loss of credibility. The case study suggests that in the early seventeenth century the prevailing normative language of just war was that of the theologians.

Ridley's Prefectoral Administrative Function and the Case of Environment Canada

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 708-719
Author(s):  
M. Paul Brown
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Type ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Environment Canada ◽  
Regional Director ◽  
Sliding Scale ◽  
Type Concept ◽  
Administrative Decentralization ◽  
Administrative Theory ◽  
Regional Board

This study tests the relevance of Ridley's ideal-type concept of the prefectoral administrative function in a departmental setting in Canada. It follows the pursuit of administrative decentralization within Environment Canada, a complex department which has thus far introduced three prefectoral administrative mechanisms – a Regional Board, a Regional Director and a Committee of Regional Executives – for this purpose. The sliding scale of authority which Ridley associates with the prefectoral administrative function makes eminent sense of the Environment Canada experience. The wider analytical reach of Ridley's concept of the prefectoral administrative function, and hence the greater theoretical relevance of the system in administrative theory and practice, is confirmed.

scholarly journals The Ambiguities of the Holy: Authenticating Relics in Seventeenth-Century Spain*

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Olds
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
Spanish Town

Recent scholarship has shown that, even at the heart of the Catholic world, defining holiness in the Counter-Reformation was remarkably difficult, in spite of ongoing Roman reforms meant to centralize and standardize the authentication of saints and relics. If the standards for evaluating sanctity were complex and contested in Rome, they were even less clear to regional actors, such as the Bishop of Jaén, who supervised the discovery of relics in Arjona, a southern Spanish town, beginning in 1628. The new relics presented the bishop, Cardinal Baltasar de Moscoso y Sandoval, with knotty historical, theological, and procedural dilemmas. As such, the Arjona case offers a particularly vivid example of the ambiguities that continued to complicate the assessment of holiness in the early modern period. As the Bishop of Jaén found, the authentication of relics came to involve deeper questions about the nature of theological and historical truth that were unresolved in Counter-Reformation theory and practice.

Piracy in Ottoman Islamic Jurisprudence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. White
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Legal Opinions

This chapter examines the legal opinions (Arabic: fatwa, Turkish: fetva) issued by the chief Islamic legal authorities of the empire (şeyhülislam) concerning maritime violence and explores the implications of their rulings for judges and litigants throughout the empire and for the corsairs based on its margins. Drawing on research in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century fetva collections, the chapter establishes the kinds of legal questions that piracy and captivity posed for the Ottomans and how they were answered as the intensity, frequency, and focus of Mediterranean piracy mutated in sometimes alarming ways. Showing how secular, interstate, and Islamic law were harmonized through fetvas, the chapter lays the groundwork for the subsequent analysis of the convergence of theory and practice in Ottoman courts.

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