On quasi-stationary distributions in absorbing continuous-time finite Markov chains

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Darroch ◽  
E. Seneta
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Time Parameter ◽  
Stationary Distributions ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Absorbing Markov Chains ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Finite State Space

In a recent paper, the authors have discussed the concept of quasi-stationary distributions for absorbing Markov chains having a finite state space, with the further restriction of discrete time. The purpose of the present note is to summarize the analogous results when the time parameter is continuous.

On quasi-stationary distributions in absorbing continuous-time finite Markov chains

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Darroch ◽  
E. Seneta
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Time Parameter ◽  
Stationary Distributions ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Absorbing Markov Chains ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Finite State Space

In a recent paper, the authors have discussed the concept of quasi-stationary distributions for absorbing Markov chains having a finite state space, with the further restriction of discrete time. The purpose of the present note is to summarize the analogous results when the time parameter is continuous.

scholarly journals Why is Kemeny’s constant a constant?

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Bini ◽  
Jeffrey J. Hunter ◽  
Guy Latouche ◽  
Beatrice Meini ◽  
Peter Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
State Space ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Infinite State ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Finite State Space

Abstract In their 1960 book on finite Markov chains, Kemeny and Snell established that a certain sum is invariant. The value of this sum has become known as Kemeny’s constant. Various proofs have been given over time, some more technical than others. We give here a very simple physical justification, which extends without a hitch to continuous-time Markov chains on a finite state space. For Markov chains with denumerably infinite state space, the constant may be infinite and even if it is finite, there is no guarantee that the physical argument will hold. We show that the physical interpretation does go through for the special case of a birth-and-death process with a finite value of Kemeny’s constant.

scholarly journals Similar States in Continuous-Time Markov Chains

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. Yap
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Base Substitution ◽  
Continuous Time Markov Chain ◽  
Rate Matrix ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Substitution Models ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Finite State Space

In a homogeneous continuous-time Markov chain on a finite state space, two states that jump to every other state with the same rate are called similar. By partitioning states into similarity classes, the algebraic derivation of the transition matrix can be simplified, using hidden holding times and lumped Markov chains. When the rate matrix is reversible, the transition matrix is explicitly related in an intuitive way to that of the lumped chain. The theory provides a unified derivation for a whole range of useful DNA base substitution models, and a number of amino acid substitution models.

Spectral representations of the transition probability matrices for continuous time finite Markov chains

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Fu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Algebraic Method ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Transition Probability Matrices ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Probability Matrices ◽  
Spectral Representations

Using an easy linear-algebraic method, we obtain spectral representations, without the need for eigenvector determination, of the transition probability matrices for completely general continuous time Markov chains with finite state space. Comparing the proof presented here with that of Brown (1991), who provided a similar result for a special class of finite Markov chains, we observe that ours is more concise.

Approximations of general discrete time queues by discrete time queues with arrivals modulated by finite chains

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 1039-1059
Author(s):  
Vinod Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Point Processes ◽  
Marked Point ◽  
Marked Point Processes ◽  
Marked Point Process ◽  
Discrete Time Queues ◽  
Time Queues ◽  
Finite State

Recently, Asmussen and Koole (Journal of Applied Probability 30, pp. 365–372) showed that any discrete or continuous time marked point process can be approximated by a sequence of arrival streams modulated by finite state continuous time Markov chains. If the original process is customer (time) stationary then so are the approximating processes. Also, the moments in the stationary case converge. For discrete marked point processes we construct a sequence of discrete processes modulated by discrete time finite state Markov chains. All the above features of approximating sequences of Asmussen and Koole continue to hold. For discrete arrival sequences (to a queue) which are modulated by a countable state Markov chain we form a different sequence of approximating arrival streams by which, unlike in the Asmussen and Koole case, even the stationary moments of waiting times can be approximated. Explicit constructions for the output process of a queue and the total input process of a discrete time Jackson network with these characteristics are obtained.

Spectral representations of the transition probability matrices for continuous time finite Markov chains

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Fu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Algebraic Method ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Transition Probability Matrices ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Probability Matrices ◽  
Spectral Representations

Using an easy linear-algebraic method, we obtain spectral representations, without the need for eigenvector determination, of the transition probability matrices for completely general continuous time Markov chains with finite state space. Comparing the proof presented here with that of Brown (1991), who provided a similar result for a special class of finite Markov chains, we observe that ours is more concise.

scholarly journals Sojourn times in finite Markov processes

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Rubino ◽  
Bruno Sericola
Keyword(s):  
Markov Process ◽  
Asymptotic Behaviour ◽  
Markov Processes ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Sojourn Time ◽  
Sojourn Times ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Sojourn Time Distributions ◽  
Finite State Space

Sojourn times of Markov processes in subsets of the finite state space are considered. We give a closed form of the distribution of the nth sojourn time in a given subset of states. The asymptotic behaviour of this distribution when time goes to infinity is analyzed, in the discrete time and the continuous-time cases. We consider the usually pseudo-aggregated Markov process canonically constructed from the previous one by collapsing the states of each subset of a given partition. The relation between limits of moments of the sojourn time distributions in the original Markov process and the moments of the corresponding holding times of the pseudo-aggregated one is also studied.

On Quasi-Stationary distributions in absorbing discrete-time finite Markov chains

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Darroch ◽  
E. Seneta
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Stationary Distribution ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Stationary Distributions ◽  
Transient States ◽  
Reverse Process ◽  
Finite Markov Chains ◽  
Quasi Stationary Distribution

The time to absorption from the set T of transient states of a Markov chain may be sufficiently long for the probability distribution over T to settle down in some sense to a “quasi-stationary” distribution. Various analogues of the stationary distribution of an irreducible chain are suggested and compared. The reverse process of an absorbing chain is found to be relevant.

scholarly journals Perturbed Markov chains

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eilon Solan ◽  
Nicolas Vieille
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chains ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Transition Matrix ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Finite State Space

We study irreducible time-homogenous Markov chains with finite state space in discrete time. We obtain results on the sensitivity of the stationary distribution and other statistical quantities with respect to perturbations of the transition matrix. We define a new closeness relation between transition matrices, and use graph-theoretic techniques, in contrast with the matrix analysis techniques previously used.

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