A molecular phylogeny and a new classification of parmelioid lichens containingXanthoparmelia­type lichenan (Ascomycota: Lecanorales)

Taxon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Blanco ◽  
Ana Crespo ◽  
John A. Elix ◽  
David L. Hawksworth ◽  
H. Thorsten Lumbsch
Taxon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1690-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Wen Liu ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
En-De Liu ◽  
Hua Peng

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 73-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. B. Poore ◽  
◽  
Peter C. Dworschak ◽  
Rafael Robles ◽  
Fernando L. Mantelatto ◽  
...  

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4317 (3) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIÁN VILLASTRIGO ◽  
IGNACIO RIBERA ◽  
MICHAËL MANUEL ◽  
ANDRÉS MILLÁN ◽  
HANS FERY

The tribe Hygrotini Portevin, 1929 is currently composed of four genera, Heroceras Guignot, 1950, Herophydrus Sharp, 1880, Hygrotus Stephens, 1828 (with two subgenera, Coelambus Thomson, 1860, and Hygrotus s. str.), and Hyphoporus Sharp, 1880. A recent molecular phylogeny of the tribe with ca. 45% of the 137 described species of Hygrotini, including the type species of all genus-level taxa, revealed extended para- or polyphyly of the current genera and subgenera (Villastrigo et al., Zoologica Scripta, in press), for which reason a new classification of the tribe Hygrotini is proposed. Within Hygrotini only two genera are recognised: Clemnius n. gen. (with two subgenera: Clemnius s. str. with type species Hyphydrus decoratus Gyllenhal, 1810, and Cyclopius n. subgen. with type species Hydroporus acaroides LeConte, 1855) and Hygrotus (with four subgenera: Coelambus, Hygrotus s. str., Hyphoporus n. stat. and Leptolambus n. subgen. with type species Dytiscus impressopunctatus Schaller, 1783). Two genera are synonymised under Hygrotus s. str., Herophydrus n. syn. and Heroceras n. syn. The following 67 new combinations, for species thus far treated under the genera Heroceras, Herophydrus, Hygrotus and Hyphoporus, result from the new classification: Clemnius (s. str.) berneri (Young & Wolfe, 1984) n. comb., Clemnius (s. str.) decoratus (Gyllenhal, 1810) n. comb., Clemnius (s. str.) hydropicus (LeConte, 1852) n. comb., Clemnius (s. str.) laccophilinus (LeConte, 1878) n. comb., Clemnius (s. str.) sylvanus (Fall, 1917) n. comb., Clemnius (Cyclopius) acaroides (LeConte, 1855) n. comb., Clemnius (Cyclopius) farctus (LeConte, 1855) n. comb., Clemnius (Cyclopius) marginipennis (Blatchley, 1912) n. comb., Hygrotus (s. str.) assimilis (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) bilardoi (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., H. (s. str.) capensis (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) confusus (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) descarpentriesi (Peschet, 1923) n. comb., H. (s. str.) discrepatus (Guignot, 1954) n. comb., H. (s. str.) endroedyi (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., H. (s. str.) gigantoides (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., H. (s. str.) gigas (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) goldschmidti (Pederzani & Rocchi, 2009) n. comb., H. (s. str.) gschwendtneri (Omer-Cooper, 1957) n. comb., H. (s. str.) hyphoporoides (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) ignoratus (Gschwendtner, 1933) n. comb., H. (s. str.) inquinatus (Boheman, 1848) n. comb., H. (s. str.) janssensi (Guignot, 1952) n. comb., H. (s. str.) kalaharii (Gschwendtner, 1935) n. comb., H. (s. str.) morandi (Guignot, 1952) n. comb., H. (s. str.) muticus (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (s. str.) natator (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., H. (s. str.) nigrescens (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., H. (s. str.) nodieri (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) obscurus (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (s. str.) obsoletus (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) ovalis (Gschwendtner, 1932) n. comb., H. (s. str.) pallidus (Omer-Cooper, 1931) n. comb., H. (s. str.) pauliani (Guignot, 1950) n. comb., H. (s. str.) quadrilineatus (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) reticulatus (Pederzani & Rocchi, 2009) n. comb., H. (s. str.) ritsemae (Régimbart, 1889) n. comb., H. (s. str.) rohani (Peschet, 1924) n. comb., H. (s. str.) rufus (Clark, 1863) n. comb., H. (s. str.) sjostedti (Régimbart, 1908) n. comb., H. (s. str.) spadiceus (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (s. str.) sudanensis (Guignot, 1952) n. comb., H. (s. str.) travniceki (Šťastný, 2012) n. comb., H. (s. str.) tribolus (Guignot, 1953) n. comb., H. (s. str.) variabilis secundus (Régimbart, 1906) n. comb., H. (s. str.) variabilis variabilis (Guignot, 1954) n. comb., H. (s. str.) verticalis (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (s. str.) vittatus (Régimbart, 1895) n. comb., H. (s. str.) wewalkai (Biström & Nilsson, 2002) n. comb., Hygrotus (Hyphoporus) anitae (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) aper (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) bengalensis (Severin, 1890) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) bertrandi (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) caliginosus (Régimbart, 1899) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) dehraduni (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) elevatus (Sharp, 1882) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) geetae (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) josephi (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) kempi (Gschwendtner, 1936) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) montanus (Régimbart, 1899) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) nilghiricus (Régimbart, 1903) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) oudomxai (Brancucci & Biström, 2013) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) pacistanus (Guignot, 1959) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) pugnator (Sharp, 1890) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) severini (Régimbart, 1892) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) subaequalis (Vazirani, 1969) n. comb., H. (Hyphoporus) tonkinensis (Régimbart, 1899) n. comb. 


1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
K. F. Chudoba
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
E. Zakablukovskiy

The article highlights certain aspects of the discussion on the topic of reductionism vs. holism in the philosophy of medicine. Classic radical reductionism is defeated by the concept of emergence. The s.c. bio-medical point of view on a malady, despite its relevance and clear benefit, is not recognized as universal as its adherents may claim, and it yields to an integral psycho-bio-social model. The author introduces a new classification of holism (vitalistic, social and individualistic) and makes appropriate recommendations to clinicians. It is social holism at the macro level that has proven effective in combating the spread of COVID-19.


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