Two new genera and species of sepioline squids (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) from Australia

Two new genera and species of sepioline squid (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) are described from Australian waters. Dextrasepiola taenia is characterised by having copulatory organs (i.e. the hectocotylised arm in the males and the bursa copulatrix in the females) in the right side of the body. All other known sepiolinids have copulatory organs in the left side of the body. Amutatiola macroventosa is characterised by the absence of a hectcotylised arm in mature males; instead, it possesses many enormously enlarged suckers on some of the arms of the males. The bursa copulatrix is in the left side of the female body, as in other known sepioline squids. The discovery of these two new taxa indicates that the present definition of Sepiolinae needs to be broadened to accommodate these two new genera.

The taxonomy of some unusual Microveliinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from India

Two new genera and three new species of Microveliinae are described from India: Thirumalaia ocularis gen. nov. & sp. nov. from Tamil Nadu, Eyarinella robusta gen. nov. & sp. nov. from Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Geovelia fikaceki sp. nov. from Arunachal Pradesh. A male-based key to the genera of Microveliinae of India and a checklist of Indian species are provided. Neoalardus typicus (Distant, 1903) is recorded for the first time from Rajasthan.

Just a Fragment of Undescribed Diversity: Twenty New Oriental and Palearctic Species of Sciaroidea (Diptera), including DNA Sequence Data and Two New Fossil Genera

The following 17 extant new species of Sciaroidea (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) are described: Bolitophila nikolae Ševčík sp. nov. (Bolitophilidae, Taiwan), Catocha jingfui sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Catocha manmiaoe sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Catocha shengfengi sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Planetella taiwanensis sp. nov. (Cecidomyiidae, Taiwan), Diadocidia pseudospinusola sp. nov. (Diadocidiidae, Taiwan), Asioditomyia bruneicola sp. nov. (Ditomyiidae, Brunei), Asioditomyia lacii sp. nov. (Ditomyiidae, Taiwan), Ditomyia asiatica sp. nov. (Ditomyiidae, Thailand), Chetoneura davidi sp. nov. (Keroplatidae, Brunei), Euceroplatus mantici sp. nov. (Keroplatidae, Thailand), Setostylus fangshuoi sp. nov. (Keroplatidae, Taiwan), Platyceridion yunfui sp. nov. (Keroplatidae, Hainan), Terocelion adami sp. nov. (Keroplatidae, Taiwan), Hadroneura martini sp. nov. (Mycetophilidae, Taiwan), Paratinia furcata sp. nov. (Mycetophilidae, Czech Republic, Slovakia), and Nepaletricha sikorai sp. nov. (Sciaroidea incertae sedis, Thailand). Two new genera are described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, Burmasymmerus gen. nov. (Ditomyiidae, type species Burmasymmerus korneliae sp. nov., including also B. wieslawi sp. nov.), representing the first record of the family Ditomyiidae from the Mesozoic, and Burmatricha gen. nov. (Sciaroidea incertae sedis, type species Burmatricha mesozoica sp. nov.). Molecular phylogeny of Ditomyiidae, based on two DNA markers (28S, COI), as well as that of Catocha Haliday, 1833, based on the mitochondrial COI and 16S fragments, are also presented.

Unique spicules may confound species differentiation: taxonomy and biogeography of Melonanchora Carter, 1874 and two new related genera (Myxillidae: Poecilosclerida) from the Okhotsk Sea

Sponges are amongst the most difficult benthic taxa to properly identify, which has led to a prevalence of cryptic species in several sponge genera, especially in those with simple skeletons. This is particularly true for sponges living in remote or hardly accessible environments, such as the deep-sea, as the inaccessibility of their habitat and the lack of accurate descriptions usually leads to misclassifications. However, species can also remain hidden even when they belong to genera that have particularly characteristic features. In these cases, researchers inevitably pay attention to these peculiar features, sometimes disregarding small differences in the other “typical” spicules. The genus Melonanchora Carter, 1874, is among those well suited for a revision, as their representatives possess a unique type of spicule (spherancorae). After a thorough review of the material available for this genus from several institutions, four new species of Melonanchora, M. tumultuosa sp. nov., M. insulsa sp. nov., M. intermedia sp. nov. and M. maeli sp. nov. are formally described from different localities across the Atlanto-Mediterranean region. Additionally, all Melonanchora from the Okhotsk Sea and nearby areas are reassigned to other genera; Melonanchora kobjakovae is transferred to Myxilla (Burtonanchora) while two new genera, Hanstoreia gen. nov. and Arhythmata gen. nov. are created to accommodate Melonanchora globogilva and Melonanchora tetradedritifera, respectively. Hanstoreia gen. nov. is closest to Melonanchora, whereas Arhythmata gen. nov., is closer to Stelodoryx, which is most likely polyphyletic and in need of revision.

Illustrated key to the genera included in the tribe Acanthocephalini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae), with descriptions of three new genera, seven new species, new taxonomic rearrangements, and a key to genera of Placoscelini

Three new genera and seven new species of Acanthocephalini Stål (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) are described: Anomalopetalops with three new species, A. brulei (French Guiana), A. ariquemesus (Brazil), and A. diamantinus (Brazil); Antipetalops with two new species, A. colombianus (Colombia), and A. discretus (Bolivia); and Cryptopetalops with two new species, C. llorentei (Brazil and French Guiana), and C. pluteus (Peru). Dorsal habitus photographs, and keys to the new species of each genus are added. Dorsal habitus photographs and a key to the 18 known genera of Acanthocephalini are given. Placophyllopus Blöte, 1938 is synonymized under Meluchopetalops Breddin, 1903. Placophyllopus cothurnatus Blöte, 1938 is considered a junior synonym of Meluchopetalops banausus Breddin, 1903. Bermejanus Brailovsky, 2018 is transferred to the tribe Placoscelini, and a key to the known genera of that tribe is provided.