South Wales, the Coal Trade and the Irish Famine Refugee Crisis

2004 ◽  
pp. 9-33
Author(s):  
Frank Neal
Keyword(s):  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Coal Trade

ASSISTED EMIGRATION AND THE MORAL DILEMMAS OF THE MID-VICTORIAN IMPERIAL STATE

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP HARLING
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New South ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
Slave Emancipation ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Ethical Controversy ◽  
Plantation Society ◽  
Imperial State

ABSTRACTThis article examines three voyages of the late 1840s to advance the argument that emigration – often treated by its historians as ‘spontaneous’ – actually involved the laissez-faire mid-Victorian imperial state in significant projects of social engineering. The tale of the Virginius exemplifies that state's commitment to taking advantage of the Famine to convert the Irish countryside into an export economy of large-scale graziers. The tale of the Earl Grey exemplifies its commitment to transforming New South Wales into a conspicuously moral colony of free settlers. The tale of the Arabian exemplifies its commitment to saving plantation society in the British Caribbean from the twin threats posed by slave emancipation and free trade in sugar. These voyages also show how the British imperial state's involvement in immigration frequently immersed it in ethical controversy. Its strictly limited response to the Irish Famine contributed to mass death. Its modest effort to create better lives in Australia for a few thousand Irish orphans led to charges that it was dumping immoral paupers on its most promising colonies. Its eagerness to bolster sugar production in the West Indies put ‘liberated’ slaves in danger.

scholarly journals John Nixon, Pioneer of the Steam Coal Trade in South Wales.

1900 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
W. J. Ashley ◽  
James Edmund Vincent
Keyword(s):  
South Wales ◽  
Coal Trade

scholarly journals South Wales Coal Trade

1910 ◽  
Vol 20 (78) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
T. I. Mardy Jones
Keyword(s):  
South Wales ◽  
Coal Trade

The New South Wales export coal trade

1964 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-174
Author(s):  
M. G. A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Coal Trade

scholarly journals Derision and Demography: New South Wales and the Irish Orphan Girls of the Earl Grey Immigration Scheme, 1848 to 1850

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin McHutchion
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Gender Imbalance ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Irish Famine ◽  
South Wales

From 1848 to 1850, 4175 female orphans from Irish workhouses were sent to the Australian colonies to escape from the Irish famine and to address the gender imbalance in the colonies.  Anglo-centric colonial newspapers condemned the girls for their supposedly inferior demographics – Catholic, illiterate, Irish and female – and raised the spectre of Catholic predominance, leading to the cancellation of the immigration scheme at a time of great humanitarian need.  Using the original shipping lists of the girls who landed in New South Wales and the colony’s census data, this paper uses a quantitative analysis to argue that while newspapers were relatively correct in characterizing the girls’ demographics, they were incorrect in their claims about how the girls’ arrival would influence the colony’s demographic development.

Australian Maritime Unions and Flag of Convenience Vessels

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Clifford B. Donn ◽  
G. Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
New South ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
International Transport ◽  
Transport Workers ◽  
Flag Of Convenience ◽  
Coal Trade

The purpose of this paper is to update Kingsley Laffer's 1977 Journal of Industrial Relations article on the policies of Australian trade unions with respect to flag of convenience vessels. Australian unions have supported the campaign against such vessels initiated by the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF). After detailing the process by which the maritime unions become aware of whether or not a flag of convenience vessel is operating under the conditions established by the ITF, the paper goes on to examine two disputes involving flag of convenience vessels. The first, in 1977, was a ban by the Seamen's Union of Australia on coal ships operated by Utah Development Company; the second, in 1981, was a ban by several unions on the use of flag of convenience vessels in the coal trade in New South Wales. The paper discusses these disputes and offers an evaluation of the unions' activities in the general ITF campaign.

β-Mannosidosis: Myelin and oligodendrocyte lesions in brain and spinal cord

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Lovell ◽  
Margaret Z. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Axonal Spheroids ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pendular Nystagmus ◽  
Myelin Deficits ◽  
Recessive Defect ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

Caprine β-mannosidosis, an autosomal recessive defect of glycoprotein catabolism, is associated with a deficiency of tissue and plasma -mannosidase and with tissue accumulation and urinary excretion of oligosaccharides, including the trisaccharide Man(β1-4)GlcNAc(βl-4)GlcNAc and the disaccharide Man(β1-4)GlcNAc. This genetic disorder is evident at birth, with severe neurological deficits including a marked intention tremor, pendular nystagmus, ataxia and inability to stand. Major pathological characteristics described in Nubian goats in Michigan and in Anglo-Nubian goats in New South Wales include widespread cytoplasmic vacuolation in the nervous system and viscera, axonal spheroids, and severe myelin paucity in the brain but not spinal cord or peripheral nerves. Light microscopic examination revealed marked regional variation in the severity of central nervous system myelin deficits, with some brain areas showing nearly complete absence of myelin and other regions characterized by the presence of 25-50% of the control number of myelin sheaths.

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