FROM THE NAZI PAST TO THE COLD WAR PRESENT

Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Caplan

The Epilogue considers the core questions raised in earlier chapters: the place of National Socialism in German history and what it meant to be ‘German’ after the defeat of Nazism. Trials of leading figures in the regime in 1945–9 were a first step, but addressing responsibility for Nazi crimes was a prolonged and uneven process. How Germans confronted the Nazi past was affected by the establishment of two separate German states in 1949, the Cold War, the unification of Germany in 1990, and the eventual development of an international culture of Holocaust.


2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
Karen Hagemann ◽  
Konrad H. Jarausch ◽  
Tobias Hof

AbstractThe introduction discusses the state of the current research on the post-1945 history of East and West Germany, explains the agenda of the special issue and discusses its main topics. The focus is the politics of survival in the chaos of collapse and the controversial debates about the agenda of the reconstruction. In these discussions different visions competed, from the restoration of traditions to efforts of a post-fascist modernization. The introduction questions the postwar success narrative by discussing the “burdens” of the Nazi past, such as Nazi perpetrators, displaced people, expellees and refugees, including the returning German-Jewish survivors. It also engages with the problems of the Cold War division by exploring the “new beginnings”, which were debated in relation to the past of Nazi, Weimar, and Imperial Germany, among them: cultural diplomacy, welfare policy and eldercare, family policy and gender roles, and popular culture. The essay calls for more comparative and transnational research of the postwar era, especially in the areas of the integration into the Cold War blocs, the postwar shifting of borders and peoples, narratives of victimhood, and memory tropes about the war and postwar.


1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Strom ◽  
Margit Mayer

National and world events shape all cities, but in Berlin they have aphysical presence. For Berliners, the Cold War was tangible, manifestedas a wall and death strip guarded by armed soldiers and attackdogs. Today that wall is gone and, if national power brokers and thereal estate development community have their way, Berlin will soonbe a “normal” European city and German capital. Not only will theghosts of the Nazi past be exorcised, but any tangible inheritance ofthe postwar period—in East Berlin the legacies of state socialism, inWest Berlin the strange fruits of a subsidized economy—will disappear.


1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Howell-Ardila

Berlin 1948 and the longest airlift in history simultaneously usheredin the Cold War, with a divided Berlin its best-known symbol, andtransformed West Berliners in the eyes of the Allied world fromNazis to victims of Soviet aggression. By 1950, with Germany officiallydivided, political elites of the East (GDR) and West (FRG)took up the task of convincing their citizens and each other of thelegitimacy of their own governments. In spite of the primacy ofCold War rhetoric in the media of the day, however, the mostpressing challenge of postwar society for both sides lay in redefining—in perception, if not in fact—political and social institutions inopposition to the Nazi past.


The postwar period is no longer current affairs but is becoming the recent past. As such, it is increasingly attracting the attentions of historians. Whilst the Cold War has long been a mainstay of political science and contemporary history, recent research approaches postwar Europe in many different ways, all of which are represented in this volume. As well as diplomatic, political, institutional, economic, and social history, this book contains articles that approach the past through the lenses of gender, espionage, art and architecture, technology, agriculture, heritage, post colonialism, memory, and generational change, and shows how the history of postwar Europe can be enriched by looking to disciplines such as anthropology and philosophy. It covers all of Europe, with a notable focus on Eastern Europe. Including subjects as diverse as the meaning of ‘Europe’ and European identity, southern Europe after dictatorship, the cultural meanings of the bomb, the 1968 student uprisings, immigration, Americanisation, welfare, leisure, decolonisation, the Wars of Yugoslav Succession, and coming to terms with the Nazi past, the thirty-five essays in this book present a coverage of postwar European history that offers far more than the standard Cold War framework.


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