COMPRESSION OF THE LEFT MAIN BRONCHUS IN 3-MONTHS-OLD CHILD WITH TUBERCULOSIS LESION OF THE MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODES

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
D.A. Andreev ◽  
◽  
I.N. Khvorostov ◽  
O.N. Damirov ◽  
O.I. Verbin ◽  
...  

The article presents a case of successful surgical treatment of a 3-month-old child with a rare pathology – tuberculosis lesion of the intrathoracic lymph nodes causing compression of the left main bronchus. The child was admitted with signs of respiratory failure. An X-ray examination revealed signs of emphysema of the left lung. According to the data of contrast CT, a volumetric hypodensive formation was detected, which slightly accumulated contrast, with a capsule up to 0,3 cm thick, located in the area of the tracheal bifurcation, causing compression of the left main bronchus, esophagus, pulmonary bifurcation. During tracheobronchoscopy, a narrowing of the main bronchus to 1 mm was found immediately after bifurcation of the trachea. During the operation, a formation with a diameter of up to 2 cm was removed. According to the results of a morphological study, the formation is regarded as tuberculous granulomatous inflammation of the lymph node. The rarity of the pathology causes difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Tokairin ◽  
Kagami Nagai ◽  
Hisashi Fujiwara ◽  
Taichi Ogo ◽  
Masafumi Okuda ◽  
...  

The use of mediastinal surgery for minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been proposed; however, this method is not performed as radical surgery because it has been thought to be impossible to perform complete upper mediastinal dissection, including the left tracheobronchial lymph nodes (106tbL). We herein describe a new method for performing complete dissection of the upper mediastinum. We developed a method for performing complete mediastinoscopic esophagectomy as radical surgery via the bilateral transcervical and transhiatal approach in 6 Thiel-embalmed human cadavers. The lower and middle mediastinal lymph nodes are dissected via the transhiatal approach. The dorsal side of the left recurrent nerve is dissected up to the aortic arch and left recurrent nerve lymph nodes (106recL) are dissected under pneumomediastinum. Next, the right recurrent nerve lymph nodes (106recR) are dissected. The cartilage of the left main bronchus is dissected and pushed downward, thereby obtaining a good view between the aortic arch and left main bronchus via the transhiatal approach. The 106tbL lymph nodes are dissected until the aortic arch is reached. Simultaneously, the lymph nodes are dissected via a right cervical incision. This method is termed the “cross-over technique.” We herein demonstrated that the upper mediastinal lymph nodes, including the 106tbL nodes, can be dissected using the bilateral transcervical and transhiatal approach under pneumomediastinum and named this method “mediastinoscopic esophagectomy with lymph node dissection” (MELD). MELD is therefore considered to be a useful modality based on our experience with Thiel-embalmed human cadavers.


Haigan ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kiso ◽  
Nobuyuki Kondo ◽  
Ryo Miyahara ◽  
Toru Bando ◽  
Makoto Sonobe ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Shang Lai ◽  
Ko-Huang Lue ◽  
Jang-Ming Su ◽  
Han Chang

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Vytautas Sirvydis ◽  
Arimantas Grebelis ◽  
Gintaras Turkevičius ◽  
Vytautas Pronckus ◽  
Remigijus Sipavičius ◽  
...  

Vytautas Sirvydis1, Arimantas Grebelis1, Gintaras Turkevičius1, Vytautas Pronckus1, Remigijus Sipavičius1, Stasys Stankevičius2, Mindaugas Balčiūnas2, Povilas Radikas2, Evaldas Žurauskas31 Vilniaus universiteto Širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų klinika, Širdies chirurgijos centras,Vilniaus universiteto ligoninė "Santariškių klinikos", Santariškių g. 2, LT-08611 VilniusEl. paštas: [email protected] Vilniaus universiteto Anesteziologijos ir reanimatologijos klinika,Anesteziologijos, intensyvios terapijos ir skausmo gydymo centras,Vilniaus universiteto ligoninė "Santariškių klinikos"3 Valstybinis patologijos centras Įvadas Pateikiamas nediagnozuotos disekuojamosios torakoabdominalinės aneurizmos (Crawfordo II tipo) fistulės į kairįjį plautį atvejis. Klinikinis atvejis Didelė intervencijos rizika ir sąlyginai stabili ligonio būklė nutolino operaciją. Paskutinio hospitalizavimo metu buvo įtarta aneurizmos disekacija ir spindžio trombozė. Dėl sparčiai blogėjančios būklės ligonis buvo operuojamas skubos tvarka. Operuojant rasta pilna trombų disekuojanti degeneravusi nusileidžiančiosios aortos aneurizma ir jos fistulė į kairįjį pagrindinį bronchą. Pašalinus aneurizmos maišą, nusileidžiančioji aorta buvo pakeista kraujagysliniu protezu, pašalintas ir nefunkcionavęs kairysis plautis. Pooperacinį laikotarpį sunkino tebesitęsiantis difuzinis kraujavimas. Nepaisant intensyvaus gydymo, ligonio būklė vis blogėjo ir jis mirė antrą parą po operacijos nuo dauginio organų nepakankamumo. Patologiniu pašalintojo plaučio tyrimu nustatyti seni organizuoti trombai ir nauji krešuliai bronchuose, taip pat cholesterolio kristalai parenchimoje, rodantys kraujavimo epizodus ir lėtinę embolizaciją aterominėmis plokštelėmis pro aneurizmos ir broncho fistulę. Išvada Ligonius, kuriems yra torakoabdominalinė aortos aneurizma, reikia stebėti labai aktyviai ir trumpai, o indikacijos chirurginiam gydymui turi būti nustatomos anksčiau ir ryžtingiau. Reikšminiai žodžiai: krūtinės aortos aneurizma, pilvo aortos aneurizma, disekuojamoji aortos aneurizma, aortos plyšimas Dissecting thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm: an undiagnosed rupture into the left main bronchus Vytautas Sirvydis1, Arimantas Grebelis1, Gintaras Turkevičius1, Vytautas Pronckus1, Remigijus Sipavičius1, Stasys Stankevičius2, Mindaugas Balčiūnas2, Povilas Radikas2, Evaldas Žurauskas3 Background A case report presents a patient with undiagnosed Crawford type II dissecting thoracoabdominal aneurysm fistulation into the left main bronchus. Case report The high risk associated with the aneurysm repair and the conditionally stable patient’s state delayed the elective operative treatment. At a recent admission, aneurysm dissection with lumen thrombosis was suspected. The quickly deteriorating patient’s condition determined urgent surgical intervention. A dissecting degenerative descending aortic aneurysm packed with a large amount of thrombi and fistulation into the left main bronchus was found during the procedure. Following debridiment the descending aorta was replaced with a prosthetic graft, and the non-functioning left lung was extirpated. Persistent diffuse bleeding complicated the early postoperative course. Despite the aggressive medical therapy, the patient’s condition deteriorated progressively and he died on the second postoperative day due to multisystemic organ failure. Pathological investigation of the resected left lung showed chronic organized thrombi and fresh clots within the bronchi with cholesterol crystals in the parenchyma, evidencing bleeding episodes with chronic embolisation with atheromatous plaques through the aneurysm-bronchial fistula. Conclusion The follow-up of patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysm should be very active and short, and indications for surgical repair should be determined earlier and more decisively. Keywords: thoracic aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm, dissecting aortic aneurysm, aortic rupture


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Dimos ◽  
Andrew Xanthopoulos ◽  
Filippos Triposkiadis

ABSTRACT A 78-year-old, overweight woman with a severe individual history of the cardiovascular system was admitted in the intensive care unit with acute pulmonary edema. Despite appropriate emergency treatment, the patient did not show any clinical improvement and emergency intubation was decided. Post-intubation physical examination revealed dullness to percussion, absent breath sounds and reduced chest excursion of the right hemithorax combined with a gradual drop in blood pressure and oxygen saturation. An emergency chest X-ray showed opacification of the entire right lung and an ipsilateral shift of the mediastinum. Improvement of the patient’s respiratory and hemodynamic status was observed immediately after the partial withdrawal of the tube. Tube displacement is a relative frequent complication and concerns mainly the right main bronchus due to anatomical procedures. However, the above case is a rare case of tube displacement in the left main bronchus, which led to total atelectasis of the rightlung.


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