scholarly journals Japanese National Research Program. Manganese Nodule Mining System.

1996 ◽  
Vol 112 (14) ◽  
pp. 974-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira INOKUMA ◽  
Hisashi OKADA ◽  
Tetsuo OYAMA
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Yamazaki ◽  
Amon Yamada ◽  
Rei Arai ◽  
Naoki Nakatani

Manganese nodules on deep ocean floors have been interested in as future metal resources these forty years. The Total Materials Requirement (TMR) of the conventional proposed mining method, however, is very high because of the much lifted water with the nodules from the seafloor to the sea surface and the longer transportation from the mining site to the smelting plant. An innovative conceptual design of the TMR-less mining system is presented. The economy is examined and compared with the one of the conventional method.


This paper considers the mining of manganese nodules from the deep ocean at up to 5000 m, drawing attention to the essential need for a satisfactory legal regime under which mining companies can operate with security. The necessary exploration that has to be carried out before large investment can be made is indicated and the type and size of mining site required are determined. The paper also considers the equipment required to collect, lift and transport the nodules. The most likely form of collection and lift is hydraulic but there are considered to be substantial development problems still to be solved. This indicates the need for large scale tests before the final decision on the mining system can be completed. The paper describes briefly a test collector operated in late 1974 and early 1975. A brief description of the possible environmental problems is also included.


1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Takahara ◽  
K. Handa ◽  
K. Ishii ◽  
E. Kuboki

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 3453-3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst U Oebius ◽  
Hermann J Becker ◽  
Susanne Rolinski ◽  
Jacek A Jankowski

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Stefani Paunova ◽  
◽  
Vilyana Doychevska ◽  
Valentin Yordanov ◽  
Stanimir Stoyanov ◽  
...  

The article presents a game-based learning environment that is being deeloped as a component of the ATOS platform (the platform is an article described for the same conference). The proposed environment is an adaptation of a component for serious games, developed within two projects – the National Research Program „Intelligent Agriculture (2021-2024)“ and the university project „ViSCoD – environment for modeling systems for intelligent agriculture“. The opportunities for game-based learning in integrated domains (in this case intelligent agriculture – STEAM center) are demonstrated with a version of the well-known game „Twenty question game“, adapted for the Bulgarian flora. The system is fully implemented in the logic programming language Prolog and thus can also be used to teach students in the discipline „Artificial Intelligence“.


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