scholarly journals Slumping as a record of regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin, central India

Geologos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Merajuddin Khan ◽  
Ranjit G. Khangar ◽  
Nilasree Raychowdhury ◽  
Anand T. Babhare
Keyword(s):  
Pure Shear ◽  
Basin Evolution ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
Sediment Deformation ◽  
Soft Sediment Deformation ◽  
Satpura Basin ◽  
Talchir Formation ◽  
Regional Tectonics

Abstract Soft-sediment deformation structures play an important role in interpreting regional tectonics and basin evolution during slumping events. The Satpura Basin is interpreted as pull-apart with a monoclinal northerly palaeoslope throughout its evolution. The basin formed as a result of sinistral strike-slip faulting, induced by the ENE–WSW-trending Son-Narmada South fault in the north and the Tapti North fault in the south. We have analysed the slump folds within the basalmost Talchir Formation and related these to regional tectonics and palaeoslope changes in the Satpura Basin. The glaciofluvial strata of the Talchir Formation, exposed in the southern part of the Satpura Basin, record intricacies of folds created during slumping. Several fold styles can be distinguished, within alternations of competent sandstone and incompetent shale layers, some of which indicate buckling. Upright folds, resulting from pure shear, underwent rotation of their axial planes and fold axes during simple shear-dominated progressive deformation when the slump moved downslope. The soft-sediment deformation structures that we have studied show refolding patterns that closely resemble comparable folds known from lithified rocks. These layers with refolded structures are overlain by unde-formed sediments, which proves that they are the product of a single ongoing slumping process, rather than of successive deformation events. Our analysis of their fold axes and axial planes, together with fold vergences and thrust directions within the slumps, suggests a mean slumping direction towards the southwest. Analyses of slump folds and their relationship with regional tectonics have allowed us to reinterpret basin evolution history. The southwesterly trending palaeoslope of the basin suggest that the slope of the basin was not uniform throughout its evolution. At the opening, the oblique slip fault, which trended NE–SW, generated due to movement along the ENE–WSW basin bounding faults, was more active and triggered slumping event within the Talchir deposits in the basin. With progressive overlapping of the basin-bounding faults, the Satpura Basin gradually tilted towards the north.

3D soft-sediment deformation structures: evidence for Quaternary seismicity in the Madrid basin, Spain

Terra Nova ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. Silva ◽  
J.C. Canaveras ◽  
S. Sanchez-Moral ◽  
J. Lario ◽  
E. Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
Sediment Deformation ◽  
Soft Sediment Deformation

Dead Sea shoreline facies with seismically-induced soft-sediment deformation structures, Israel

2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Bowman ◽  
Dorit Banet-Davidovich ◽  
Hendrik J. Bruins ◽  
Johannes Van der Plicht
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
Sediment Deformation ◽  
Soft Sediment Deformation

scholarly journals Lacustrine Slope-Related Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures in the Cretaceous Gyeokpori Formation, Buan Area, SW Korea, and Volcanism-Induced Seismic Shocks as Their Possible Trigger

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Ukhwan Byun ◽  
A.J. (Tom) van Loon ◽  
Kyoungtae Ko
Keyword(s):  
Facies Analysis ◽  
Deformation Mechanisms ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
Cohesive Sediments ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
Sediment Deformation ◽  
Soft Sediment Deformation ◽  
Siliciclastic Rocks ◽  
Sediment Layers

The Gyeokpori Formation in the Buan volcanic area primarily contains siliciclastic rocks interbedded with volcanoclastics. These sediments are characterized by a variety of soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS). The SSDS in the Gyeokpori Formation are embedded in poorly sorted conglomerates; slump folds are also present in the formation. The deformation mechanisms and triggers causing the deformation are not yet clear. In the present study, the trigger of the SSDS in the Gyeokpori Formation was investigated using facies analysis. This included evaluation of the reworking process of both cohesive and non-cohesive sediments. The analysis indicates that the SSDS are directly or indirectly associated with the alternation of conglomerates and mud layers with clasts. These layers underwent non-cohesive and cohesive deformation, respectively, which promoted SSDS formation. The slump folds were controlled by the extent of cohesive and non-cohesive deformation experienced by the sediment layers in the slope environment. The SSDS deformation style and morphology differ, particularly in the case of reworking by slump activity. This study contributes to the understanding of lacustrine slope-related soft-sediment deformation structures.

scholarly journals MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF SEISMICALLY INDUCED SOFT-SEDIMENT DEFORMATION STRUCTURES IMAGED BY X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Fractals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850018 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHITO NAKASHIMA ◽  
JUNKO KOMATSUBARA
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multifractal Analysis ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Sediment Deformation ◽  
Soft Sediment Deformation ◽  
Iron Bearing

Unconsolidated soft sediments deform and mix complexly by seismically induced fluidization. Such geological soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDSs) recorded in boring cores were imaged by X-ray computed tomography (CT), which enables visualization of the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of iron-bearing mineral grains as strong X-ray absorbers in the deformed strata. Multifractal analysis was applied to the two-dimensional (2D) CT images with various degrees of deformation and mixing. The results show that the distribution of the iron-bearing mineral grains is multifractal for less deformed/mixed strata and almost monofractal for fully mixed (i.e. almost homogenized) strata. Computer simulations of deformation of real and synthetic digital images were performed using the egg-beater flow model. The simulations successfully reproduced the transformation from the multifractal spectra into almost monofractal spectra (i.e. almost convergence on a single point) with an increase in deformation/mixing intensity. The present study demonstrates that multifractal analysis coupled with X-ray CT and the mixing flow model is useful to quantify the complexity of seismically induced SSDSs, standing as a novel method for the evaluation of cores for seismic risk assessment.

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