scholarly journals Fate of forest tree biotechnology facing climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
M. R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Tree Biotechnology

Abstract Woody plants have been cultured in vitro since the 1930s. After that time much progress has been made in the culture of tissues, organs, cells, and protoplasts in tree species. Tree biotechnology has been making strides in clonal propagation by organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. These regeneration studies have paved the way for gene transfer in forest trees. Transgenics from a number of forest tree species carrying a variety of recombinant genes that code for herbicide tolerance, pest resistance, lignin modification, increased woody bio-mass, and flowering control have been produced by Agrobacterium-mediated and biolistic methods, and some of them are undergoing confined field trials. Although relatively stable transgenic clones have been produced by genetic transformation in trees using organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis, there were also unintended unstable genetic events. In order to overcome the problems of randomness of transgene integration and instability reported in Agrobacterium-mediated or biolistically transformed plants, site-specific transgene insertion strategies involving clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas9) platform offer prospects for precise genome editing in plants. Nevertheless, it is important to monitor phenotypic and genetic stability of clonal material, not just under greenhouse conditions, but also under natural field conditions. Genetically modified poplars have been commercialized in China, and eucalypts and loblolly pine are expected to be released for commercial deployment in USA. Clonal forestry and transgenic forestry have to cope with rapid global climate changes in the future. Climate change is impacting species distributions and is a significant threat to biodiversity. Therefore, it is important to deploy Strategies that will assist the survival and evolution of forest tree species facing rapid climate change. Assisted migration (managed relocation) and biotechnological approaches offer prospects for adaptation of forest trees to climate change.

Maladaptation, migration and extirpation fuel climate change risk in a forest tree species

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew V. Gougherty ◽  
Stephen R. Keller ◽  
Matthew C. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Forest Tree Species

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF NAA AND TDZ FOR In Vitro MULTIPLICATION OF Eugenia involucrata DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Pascoal Golle ◽  
Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger ◽  
Charlene Moro Stefanel ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Karol Buuron da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Forest Tree Species

ABSTRACT Eugenia involucrata DC. (Myrtaceae), an economically important forest tree species, is prized for its timber and fruits, and is also an important ornamental plant. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Thidiazuron (TDZ) and α-Naphthaleneacetic acetic acid (NAA) on in vitro multiplication of nodal segments of E. involucrata. We tested the effect of the absence and presence of NAA (0.5 µM), combined with TDZ at concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 µM, on the in vitro multiplication of E. involucrata. The use of TDZ combined with NAA (0.5 µM) favored the formation of shoots and buds in the explants, especially at 32 µM TDZ concentration. Intermediate concentrations of TDZ also promoted shoot formation but induced hyperhydricity in the explants. It is possible to induce organogenesis leading to the multiplication of E. involucrata nodal segments using TDZ, preferably combined with NAA.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO STUDIES ON ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES USING CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA BARK EXTRACTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Saranya V. T. K. ◽  
S. Uma Gowrie
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Casuarina Equisetifolia ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Casuarina equisetifolia is an important multipurpose exotic forest tree species widely cultivated in the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu that serves as a warehouse of essential secondary metabolites. Identification of these bioactive compounds in this forest tree species might lead to the discovery and development of a new drug to treat various diseases. Methods: The present study was carried out with an objective to analyse the phytochemicals qualitatively and quantitatively. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to evaluate the presence of various volatile compounds. An in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous and organic solvents of C. equisetifolia bark was studied.Results: The preliminary qualitative screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and tannins. The quantitative analysis revealed the presence of maximum phenols (71.2±0.51 mg/g), flavonoids (35.12±0.34 mg/g), tannins (77.59±0.21) and terpenoids (6%) in methanolic root extract with respective standards. Several peaks were obtained in the GC-MS analysis which indicates the presence of different secondary metabolites. Antibacterial activity showed a maximum zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (23±0.24 mm) and Proteus vulgaris (23±0.32 mm). The antioxidant potential of various extracts was compared with the standard ascorbic acid. Anti-inflammatory activity was compared with standard diclofenac sodium and the extract showed activities significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: From this study, it is revealed that C. equisetifolia bark extract possesses efficient antibacterial property, the potential in scavenging free radical, effective antioxidant, powerful anti-inflammatory source that can be employed in the development of a novel drug to treat various diseases.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for Efficient Micropropagation of Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) K. Schum., a Rare Medicinally Important Forest Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjary Sathe ◽  
Megha Vibhute ◽  
Monica Jain ◽  
Pankaj Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Indigenous Forest

Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) K. Schum. is a rare indigenous forest tree species which is utilized for its wood and medicinal properties. Due to its overexploitation and specific habitat requirements the species is restricted to limited areas. In vitro mass propagation of tree species faces various challenges and no such efforts have yet been taken in propagation of this useful plant using these methods.  In order to overcome the hurdles and understanding an urgent need of its conservation and mass propagation present authors attempt to develop a simple effective tissue culture protocol for regeneration of R. xylocarpa. Nodal explants were cultured on MS supplemented with various concentrations of cytokinins and auxins.  Among different cytokinins, maximum bud induction and proliferation was obtained in media supplemented with Kn along with IBA and for effective root induction which is tough to obtain in tree species, 100% rooting was achieved in cultures with increasing concentrations of IBA. Field survival is a major challenge with regenerated plants of forest tree species. We report here for the first time 100% survival of plants in soil by carefully standardizing the period of hardening and acclimatization procedures. A novel and effective in vitro regeneration protocol of R. xylocarpa has been successfully standardized which can be adopted for large scale propagation, reforestation and conservation of rare Radermachera xylocarpa of medicinal importance.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 23(1): 21?29, 2013 (June)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v23i1.15556

How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1150-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin K. Dyderski ◽  
Sonia Paź ◽  
Lee E. Frelich ◽  
Andrzej M. Jagodziński
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
European Forest ◽  
Tree Species Distributions
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