Impact of crop residues and biopreparations on nitrogen changes in Haplic Luvisol – model experiment

Abstract Agroecosystem crop residues are considered to be a primary resource of organic substances, and are subject to the different transformation processes in the soil environment. The decomposition processes of organic substance can be also regulated by the application of the different biopreparations. The decomposition of organic substances in soil also causes changes in nitrogen content and its forms. It is essential for farmers to know about these processes in order flexibly to regulate and affect the transformation processes of the applied crop residues via the biopreparations directly in the production conditions. The changes of content and forms of nitrogen and its calculated parameters in Haplic Luvisol influenced by the applied crop residues (wheat – WR, rape – RR) and biopreparations (Betaliq, Trichomil) were monitored in the small-pot experiment carried out at the Department of Soil Science (FAFR, SUA-Nitra). The laboratory experiments were established for the incubation period 4, 7, 14, 28, 60, 90 and 180 days. The applied crop residues had statistically significant impact on the contents of total nitrogen (Nt) and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (Npot) and inorganic forms N, similarly also the values of labile nitrogen (LN) and nitrogen pool index (NPI). The biopreparations affected statistically significantly the average values Npot, LN, nitrogen lability index (NLI) and nitrogen management index (NMI). During the incubation period, the contents Npot and values LN and other calculated indexes of nitrogen fluctuated significantly.

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The Chemistry Decomposition in Human Corpses

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.6.5672 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 1352-1356 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Beatrice Gabriela Ioan ◽

Cristiana Manea ◽

Bianca Hanganu ◽

Laura Statescu ◽

Laura Gheuca Solovastru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Compounds ◽

Human Remains ◽

Organic Substances ◽

Chemical Decomposition ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Human Decomposition ◽

Decomposition Processes ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

The Subject ◽

Decomposition Stages

Human body is a complex of organic substances (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), which undergo chemical decomposition processes soon after death. The compounds released during decomposition characterize the development of different stages of this process: e.g. biogenic amines resulted from the proteins decomposition will confer the particular smell of a cadaver, gases resulted from carbohydrates fermentation will give the bloating aspect of the cadaver. The study of cadaver decomposition and the products resulted from this process is the subject of human taphonomy and is realized nowadays in special facilities in USA and Australia. Identification and analysis of the chemical compounds emerged after human decomposition (gases, liquids, salts) give valuable information to forensic pathologists for estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). More, volatile compounds � which give the odor signature�specific to human remains � may be utilized in identifying clandestine burials, human remains or victims entrapped under ruins in cases of natural disasters. In this paper the authors describe the chemical decomposition stages of human cadavers, the factors influencing these processes and utility for the forensic activity of the results of human taphonomic studies.

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Achieving Desired Moisture Conditions in Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen Incubation Studies

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000050058x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 1370-1373 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. A. Lueking ◽

J. S. Schepers

Keyword(s):

Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽

Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽

Moisture Conditions

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Pre-incubation Soil Handling Can Influence Comparability of Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen Results

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2021.1872607 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Sarah M. Collier ◽

Matthew D. Ruark

Keyword(s):

Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽

Mineralizable Nitrogen

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Models for Predicting Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen and Decomposition Rate Constants

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000020014x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 323-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

J. R. Deans ◽

J. A. E. Molina ◽

C. E. Clapp

Keyword(s):

Decomposition Rate ◽

Rate Constants ◽

Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽

Mineralizable Nitrogen

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Potentially mineralizable nitrogen, decomposition rates and their relationship to temperature for five Queensland soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9810323 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 323 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

CA Campbell ◽

RJK Myers ◽

KL Weier

Keyword(s):

Tropical Soils ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Surface Soils ◽

Total N ◽

Net Nitrogen Mineralization ◽

Subsurface Soil ◽

Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen ◽

Red Earth ◽

Mineralizable Nitrogen

The procedure of Stanford and coworkers was used to quantitatively relate net nitrogen mineralization in five Queensland semi-arid soils to temperature. The concentration of potentially mineralizable nitrogen (No) (1) ranged from 67 �g nitrogen g-1 for a red earth subsoil to 256 for a recently cultivated cracking clay surface soil, (2) was directly proportional to total soil carbon, (3) was greater in surface than in subsurface soil, and (4) was greater in subtropical than tropical soils. Expressed as a fraction of total nitrogen (No/Total N), it ranged between 8 and 21%, and was directly proportional to cation exchange capacity, perhaps implicating expanding lattice clays in stabilization of cell lysates and metabolites. The mineralization rate constant (k) was directly proportional to total carbon, the fuel for microbially mediated reactions in soil. The average k for surface soils was interpolated to be 0.058, 0.031, and 0.018 week-1, corresponding to half-lives of 11.9, 22.4 and 38.5 weeks, at 35�, 25� and 15�C, respectively; these values are similar to those reported for U.S.A. and Chilean soils. The Arrhenius relationship between k and temperature for surface soils (log k = 6.14-2285/T) was similar to that reported by Stanford for U.S.A. soils, and indicates that this relationship might be a general one.

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