DEFINITION MODIFICATIONS FOR TEMPORAL LIGHT MODULATION (“FLICKER”)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Miller ◽  
J.A. Veitch
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Light Modulation ◽  
Multiple Meanings

Terminology and concepts for temporal light modulation (TLM), commonly known as “flicker,” are defined and used inconsistently, even among researchers. A literature review by the authors has identified multiple meanings for multiple terms, so it is critical that a reader be able to translate from a single article’s definitions to a more universal set. A simple example is that “flicker” is used interchangeably as the stimulus as well as the response to the stimulus, as well as the direct visual response for a specific range of modulation frequencies. This paper endeavours to clarify communication among stakeholders so that effective metrics can be developed to limit unwanted physiological, psychological, behavioural, and cognitive responses to TLM. Changes to the CIE International Lighting Vocabulary are recommended.

scholarly journals How Open Is the Maker Movement? Integrative Literature Review of the Openness Practices in the Global Maker Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13559
Author(s):  
Hanna Saari ◽  
Maria Åkerman ◽  
Barbara Kieslinger ◽  
Jouko Myllyoja ◽  
Regina Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Maker Movement ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Value Conflicts ◽  
Open Hardware ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
The Maker Movement

This article explores the multiple meanings of the concept of openness in the global maker movement. Openness is viewed as one of the key principles of the maker movement. As the global maker movement is a bricolage of diverse and situated practices and traditions, there are also many different interpretations and ways of practicing openness. We have explored this diversity with an integrative literature review, relying on the Web of Science™ database. We identified three interrelated but also, in part, mutually contested approaches to openness. Firstly, openness often refers to applying open hardware. Secondly, it is in many cases related to the inclusion and empowerment of various groups in making. Thirdly, openness appears to be seen as a means to pursue economic growth through increasing innovation activity and entrepreneurship. Our results also highlight the substantial barriers encountered by makers while aiming to open up their practices. These barriers include: value conflicts in which openness is overridden by other important values; exclusion of lower income groups from making due to a lack of resources; and difficulties in maintaining long-term activities. The different meanings of openness together with the barriers create tensions within the maker movement while implementing openness. We propose that engaging in a reflexive futures dialogue on the consequences of these tensions can enhance the maker movement to become more open, inclusive and resilient.

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Taking Care of Children After Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Haarbauer-Krupa
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Educational Information ◽  
Taking Care

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this article is to inform speech-language pathologists in the schools about issues related to the care of children with traumatic brain injury.Method: Literature review of characteristics, outcomes and issues related to the needs serving children.Results: Due to acquired changes in cognition, children with traumatic brain injury have unique needs in a school setting.Conclusions: Speech-Language Pathologists in the school can take a leadership role with taking care of children after a traumatic brain injury and coordination of medical and educational information.

Literature Review

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Robert Haralson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review

Literature Review

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review

Literature Review

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review

Literature Review

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review
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