The Space Shuttle Main Engine liquid oxygen pump high-synchronous vibration issue, the problem, the resolution approach, the solution

Author(s):  
Robert Ryan ◽  
Loren Gross ◽  
Dennis Mills ◽  
Pete Mitchell
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Lindquist Whitacker ◽  
Jesuino Takachi Tomita ◽  
Cleverson Bringhenti

Due to the critical importance of the turbopump applied in Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engines (LPRE) and the importance in the use of specific engineering software to design and analyze turbomachines, a Project-Based Learning (PBL) methodology was implemented in the undergraduate Turbopumps (TP) discipline at the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA), taught for aerospace engineering students. This methodology was applied, using as a class example, the Liquid Oxygen (LOX) booster turbine of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME), aiming at an enhancement in the discipline’s syllabus, to become the theory and practice closer to the real engineering, and to increase the discipline’s attractiveness. The results obtained with this methodology showed that the students have more interest and attention in the classes in which an engineering problem is evaluated and discussed with details using appropriate examples and engineering software that are used by the academia and industry. Several turbomachines issues as velocity triangles, power, blade geometrical aspects, flow quality, losses and in this case, the importance of tip clearance, could be better understood by the students. About the numerical results, the aim is that the students, after the preliminary project ends, evaluate the results and compare them with experimental data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). One of the most important experience in this project is the results evaluation by the students and the discussion around it, as lessons learned, given suggestions to improve the project, if the results are not in the right way what can be done to correct them and understanding all physical phenomena involved. The learning experience was fascinating and effective, as noticed by students and noted by Professors.


Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Naraghi ◽  
Matthieu Foulon

A simple model for thermal analysis of regenerative cooled rocket engines is developed. In this model the multi-dimensional heat conduction in the engine wall is analyzed using the fin effect of cooling channel side walls. A one-dimensional model for the cooling channel flow and heat transfer is used. The coolant properties are evaluated based on the NIST database. The present model is used to perform thermal analysis on two engines: the Space Shuttle Main Engine (a liquid hydrogen cooled engine) and a liquid oxygen cooled engine. Given the simplicity of the present approach its results compare well with other comprehensive models.


Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Lindquist Whitacker ◽  
Jesuino Takachi Tomita ◽  
Cleverson Bringhenti

Boosters are commonly used in liquid propellant rocket engines (LPRE) to allow lower propellant pressures in their storage tanks and, thus, smaller structural masses, contributing to cavitation free operation in the subsequent main turbopumps (TP). Boosters can be identified as key components for the overall performance of large engines, and if their operating requirements are stringent, they can operate under cavitation. Thus, effective design and performance tools are fundamental to design the components of these boosters considering this phenomenon. The simulation techniques based on turbulent and multiphase 3-D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) were used in this work at steady state regime. The simulations were done using the commercial software CFX from ANSYS® Workbench. The study was conducted analyzing the performance of the first stage of the hydraulic axial turbine of the liquid oxygen (LOX) booster of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME), at various operation points under cavitation, considering 3.0% tip clearance relative to blade height. The results obtained for, the performance parameters of this stage were compared with those obtained through monophase simulation, and the multiphase technique showed results closer to the experimental ones around the design point (DP), with increased simulation times acceptable for the computational resources currently available. Moreover, the results from the current work show the importance of considering the effects of cavitation through multiphase flow in hydraulic turbines.


1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT STEC ◽  
VINEY GUPTA ◽  
LISA CHANEY ◽  
JOHN HAWORTH

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