Particle Engulfment and Pushing (PEP) - Past microgravity experiments and future experimental plan on the International Space Station (ISS)

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Curreri ◽  
F. Juretzko ◽  
D. Stefanescu ◽  
S. Sen ◽  
W. Kaulker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
International Space ◽  
Microgravity Experiments ◽  
Experimental Plan

Concurrent-Flow Flame Spread Over a Thin Solid in a Narrow Confined Space in Microgravity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Li ◽  
Ya-Ting T. Liao ◽  
Paul Ferkul
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Flame Spread ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Spread Rate ◽  
International Space ◽  
Concurrent Flow ◽  
Microgravity Experiments ◽  
Flame Spread Rate ◽  
Flow Duct

Abstract A numerical study is pursued to investigate the aerodynamics and thermal interactions between a spreading flame and the surrounding walls as well as their effects on fire behaviors. This is done in support of upcoming microgravity experiments aboard the International Space Station. For the numerical study, a three-dimensional transient Computational Fluid Dynamics combustion model is used to simulate concurrent-flow flame spread over a thin solid sample in a narrow flow duct. The height of the flow duct is the main parameter. The numerical results predict a quenching height for the flow duct below which the flame fails to spread. For duct heights sufficiently larger than the quenching height, the flame reaches a steady spreading state before the sample is fully consumed. The flame spread rate and the pyrolysis length at steady state first increase and then decrease when the flow duct height decreases. The detailed gas and solid profiles show that flow confinement has competing effects on the flame spread process. On one hand, it accelerates flow during thermal expansion from combustion, intensifying the flame. On the other hand, increasing flow confinement reduces the oxygen supply to the flame and increases conductive heat loss to the walls, both of which weaken the flame. These competing effects result in the aforementioned non-monotonic trend of flame spread rate as duct height varies. This work relates to upcoming microgravity experiments, in which flat thin samples will be burned in a low-speed concurrent flow using a small flow duct aboard the International Space Station. Two baffles will be installed parallel to the fuel sample (one on each side of the sample) to create an effective reduction in the height of the flow duct. The concept and setup of the experiments are presented in this work.

Recent Measurements of Experiment Sensitivity to G-Jitter and Their Significance to ISS Facility Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Herring ◽  
B. Tryggvason
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
International Space ◽  
Microgravity Experiments ◽  
Experimental Facilities ◽  
Better Than

AbstractRecent experimental measurements of various microgravity experiments have been taken on the Mir and Space Shuttle under different conditions of microgravity using the Microgravity-vibration Isolation Mount (MIM). The results to date show a clear difference when the experimental measurements are taken from g-levels offered by the Mir and the Space Shuttle (non isolated) to g-levels offered by MIM (isolated) which have been reduced by two orders of magnitude. Concern for the International Space Station (ISS) experimental facilities arises when the quality of microgravity on the Mir and Space Shuttle (non isolated), which is believed to be not good enough, has been measured to be better than the ISS Requirement established by NASA for isolated racks, which will be significantly better than those racks not isolated.

Human factors assessment of International Space Station (ISS) medical equipment packs

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Paige Smith ◽  
Vicky E. Byrne ◽  
Cynthia Hudy ◽  
Mihriban Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Space Station ◽  
International Space

Dose Tracker Application for Collecting Medication Use Data from International Space Station Crew

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia. E. Wotring ◽  
LaRona K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
International Space ◽  
Flight Data ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Usability Feedback

INTRODUCTION: There are knowledge gaps in spaceflight pharmacology with insufficient in-flight data to inform future planning. This effort directly addressed in-mission medication use and also informed open questions regarding spaceflight-associated changes in pharmacokinetics (PK) and/or pharmacodynamics (PD).METHODS: An iOS application was designed to collect medication use information relevant for research from volunteer astronaut crewmembers: medication name, dose, dosing frequency, indication, perceived efficacy, and side effects. Leveraging the limited medication choices aboard allowed a streamlined questionnaire. There were 24 subjects approved for participation.RESULTS: Six crewmembers completed flight data collection and five completed ground data collection before NASA’s early study discontinuation. There were 5766 medication use entries, averaging 20.6 ± 8.4 entries per subject per flight week. Types of medications and their indications were similar to previous reports, with sleep disturbances and muscle/joint pain as primary drivers. Two subjects treated prolonged skin problems. Subjects also used the application in unanticipated ways: to note drug tolerance testing or medication holiday per research protocols, and to share data with flight surgeons. Subjects also provided usability feedback on application design and implementation.DISCUSSION: The volume of data collected (20.6 ± 8.4 entries per subject per flight week) is much greater than was collected previously (<12 per person per entire mission), despite user criticisms regarding app usability. It seems likely that improvements in a software-based questionnaire application could result in a robust data collection tool that astronauts find more acceptable, while simultaneously providing researchers and clinicians with useful data.Wotring VE, Smith LK. Dose tracker application for collecting medication use data from International Space Station crew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(1):41–45.

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