Personality Traits and Disorders Among Adult ADHD Patients: is Borderline Personality Disorder as Common as We Expect?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Borderline Personality

Screening for depression with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and finding borderline personality disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Judd ◽  
Stephanie Lorimer ◽  
Richard H Thomson ◽  
Angela Hay
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the range of psychiatric diagnoses seen in pregnant women who score above the ‘cut-off’ on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale when this is used as a routine screening instrument in the antenatal period. Method: Subjects were all pregnant women referred to and seen by the Perinatal Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Team of a tertiary public hospital over a 14-month period. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score at maternity ‘booking-in’ visit, demographic and clinical data were recorded and diagnoses were made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) criteria following clinical interview(s) and review of documented past history. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 200 patients who had completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were seen for assessment; 86 (43%) scored ⩾13 on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Of those scoring 13 or more on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, 22 (25.6%) had a depressive disorder. In total, 12 patients (14%) had an anxiety disorder, 14 (16.3%) had borderline personality disorder and 13 (15.1%) had a substance use disorder. An additional 23 women (26.7%) had two or more borderline personality traits. Conclusion: Psychiatric assessment of women who scored 13 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at routine antenatal screening identified a significant number with borderline personality disorder or borderline personality traits rather than depressive or anxiety disorders. Clinical Practice Guidelines note the importance of further assessment for all women who score 13 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The findings here suggest that this assessment should be made by a clinician able to identify personality pathology and organise appropriate and timely interventions.

Personality Disorders

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosefa A. Ehrlich ◽  
Amir Garakani ◽  
Stephanie R Pavlos ◽  
Larry Siever
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Medical Disorders

Personality can be defined as an organizational system of self that shapes the manner in which a person interacts with his or her environment. Personality traits develop in adolescence or early adulthood and are thought to be shaped by early childhood experiences and enduring throughout a lifetime. Personality traits that prevent an individual from being able to function in society or that cause significant distress are diagnosed as personality disorders. A thorough history is needed to rule out other psychiatric and medical disorders. This chapter reviews the diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbidity, prevalence, etiology (including genetics and neurobiology), prognosis, and treatment of paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, borderline, antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, and dependent personality disorders. A discussion of the relevance of personality disorders to primary care practices and approaches to managing such patients is also included. Tables describe the diagnostic criteria of each personality disorder. Figures illustrate the prevalence of personality disorders in the general and psychiatric populations; schizotypal personality disorder in the community, general population, and clinical population; childhood trauma in individuals with personality disorder; and comorbid disorders in individuals with borderline personality disorder. A model of brain processing in borderline personality disorder is also featured. This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 10 tables, 230 references, and 5 MCQs.

Personality and Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Joel Paris
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Affective Instability

Personality traits differ among normal people, and one should only diagnose a personality disorder (PD) in the presence of a clear-cut impairment of functioning. Most of these disorders lie on a spectrum with traits, but those that cause prominent symptoms present more often in psychiatry The most clinically important category of PD is borderline personality disorder (BPD), but this condition is widely underdiagnosed. Since these patients often present with depression and/or affective instability, clinicians often see them as suffering from mood disorders, and treat them unsuccessfully with antidepressants. However, this population, which shows repetitive suicidal behavior, needs to be correctly diagnosed to be referred for specialized psychotherapy.

scholarly journals Induced illusory body ownership in borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli S Neustadter ◽  
Sarah K Fineberg ◽  
Jacob Leavitt ◽  
Meagan M Carr ◽  
Philip R Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Proprioceptive Drift

Abstract One aspect of selfhood that may have relevance for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is variation in sense of body ownership. We employed the rubber hand illusion to manipulate sense of body ownership in BPD. We extended previous research on illusory body ownership in BPD by testing: (i) two illusion conditions: asynchronous and synchronous stimulation, (ii) relationship between illusion experience and BPD symptoms, and (iii) relationship between illusion experience and maladaptive personality traits. We measured illusion strength (questionnaire responses), proprioceptive drift (perceived shift in physical hand position), BPD symptoms (Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines score), and maladaptive personality traits (Personality Inventory for DSM-5) in 24 BPD and 21 control participants. For subjective illusion strength, we found main effects of group (BPD > healthy control, F(1, 43) = 11.94, P = 0.001) and condition (synchronous > asynchronous, F(1, 43) = 22.80, P < 0.001). There was a group × condition interaction for proprioceptive drift (F(1, 43) = 6.48, P = 0.015) such that people with BPD maintained illusion susceptibility in the asynchronous condition. Borderline symptom severity correlated with illusion strength within the BPD group, and this effect was specific to affective (r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and cognitive symptoms (r = 0.46, P < 0.01). Across all participants, trait psychoticism correlated with illusion strength (r = 0.44, P < 0.01). People with BPD are more susceptible to illusory body ownership than controls. This is consistent with the clinical literature describing aberrant physical and emotional experiences of self in BPD. A predictive coding framework holds promise to develop testable mechanistic hypotheses for disrupted bodily self in BPD.

Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents - Personality Traits in the Adolescents and in the Parents

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
V. Ramos ◽  
I. Leal ◽  
J. Maroco
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Research Goal

The research goal is to describe and characterize the psychological dynamics of the adolescents diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and their parents, observing the dominant personality styles in adolescents with BPD and the personality traits of the parents (mother and father).Considering that recent studies underline the importance of family interactions in the pathogenesis of BPD we will analyze the relation between personality characteristics of the adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder and the parents’ personality traits.The exploratory and comparative study has a sample comprised of 21 adolescents (11 boys and 10 girls) with ages between 16 and 18 years old, observed in child mental health services and 34 parents (N = 55).Adolescents will be assessed with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) and the parents with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III).The results showed that the parents obtained high mean scores in the Compulsive and Narcissistic Personality Traits. the adolescents showed high mean scores on the Unruly, Forceful and Egotistic personality styles scales.The studies on BPD have some limitations, namely the fact that they normally observe the adult population, with fewer research dedicated to adolescents.We consider that there is a need to search for the aetiological factors of the disorder and possible developmental patterns and if it is a personality disorder research should look to the personality traits of the adolescents and to their relational environment as a way to overcome those limitations.

scholarly journals Induced illusory body ownership in Borderline Personality Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli S. Neustadter ◽  
Sarah K. Fineberg ◽  
Jacob Leavitt ◽  
Meagan M. Carr ◽  
Philip R. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Rubber Hand Illusion ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Rubber Hand ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Proprioceptive Drift

AbstractBackgroundOne aspect of selfhood that may have relevance for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is variation in sense of body ownership. We employed the rubber hand illusion (RHI) to manipulate sense of body ownership in BPD. We extended previous research on illusory body ownership in BPD by testing: 1) two illusion conditions: asynchronous & synchronous stimulation, 2) relationship between Illusion experience and BPD symptoms, and 3) relationship between illusion experience and maladaptive personality traits.MethodsWe measured illusion strength (questionnaire responses), proprioceptive drift (perceived shift in physical hand position), BPD symptoms (DIB-R score), and maladaptive personality traits (PID-5) in 24 BPD and 21 control participants.ResultsFor subjective illusion strength, we found a main effect of group (BPD > HC, F = 11.94 p = 0.001), and condition (synchronous > asynchronous, F(1,43) = 22.80, p < 0.001). There was a group x condition interaction for proprioceptive drift (F(1,43) = 6.48, p = 0.015) such that people with BPD maintained illusion susceptibility in the asynchronous condition. Borderline symptom severity correlated with illusion strength within the BPD group, and this effect was specific to affective symptoms (r = 0.48, p < 0.01). Across all participants, trait psychoticism correlated with illusion strength (r = 0.44, p < 0.01).ConclusionPeople with BPD are more susceptible to illusory body ownership than controls. This is consistent with the clinical literature describing aberrant physical and emotional experience of self in BPD. A predictive-coding framework holds promise to develop testable mechanistic hypotheses for disrupted bodily self in BPD.HighlightsThe rubber hand illusion (RHI) allows measurement of self-disturbance.People with BPD had greater illusion susceptibility and this correlated with affective symptoms.Interoception stabilizes representations of body ownership, and is impaired in BPD.Illusion strength correlates with psychotic traits across levels of psychopathology.Predictive coding frameworks can probe mechanisms of impaired body ownership in psychopathology.

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