Predictive Value of Apoptotic Factor M30 for Negative Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Left Ventricular Negative Remodeling (LVNR) following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) is an important cause of LV systolic dysfunction due to Irreversible Myocardial Injury (IMI). Both necrosis and apoptosis contribute to IMI and LVNR. We assessed the role of specific apoptotic marker M30 in predicting LVNR in patients of anterior wall ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPCI within 12 hours of symptom onset. Methods: This prospective study was done on 100 consecutive patients of anterior wall STEMI (87 men and 13 women, mean age 52.15±12.08 years) meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood sample for M30 was drawn at 24 hours after symptom onset, when it reaches peak level. Transthoracic echo was done in each patient at 24 hours after PPCI and at 6 months. LVNR was defined as ≥20% increase in LV end diastolic volume at 6 months after PPCI. Results: 44 patients (44%) developed LVNR at 6 months post PPCI. Diabetes mellitus (p=0.032), symptom onset to balloon time (p=0.059), CPK-MB (p=0.007) and M30 level (p=0.012) were independent predictors of LVNR. The cutoff value of M30 for predicting LVNR was 81.18u/ml with positive predictive value of 70.4% (AUC 85.3, p<0.001). Conclusion: In patients of anterior wall STEMI undergoing PPCI, the apoptotic marker M30 is useful for early prediction of LVNR. This can assist in better risk stratification of patients after successful PPCI and identify the subgroup of patients who require more intensive medical follow up with antiremodeling drugs to attenuate the development of LVNR.