Pesticides: Undisputed Hazards for Environmental Health

Airborne pesticides are now disseminated over vast regions of the planet even where they were not spilled, remotely from its preceding source. Their deleterious effects have been sensed overwhelmingly increasing all along with the shifts provoked in the nature, fauna, and flora derangements’, regardless from where they come from either disseminated by air or water sources. They will insidiously, gently, or harshly impact the living beings (target and non-target organisms). Their effects will certainly be massive for those exposed and, consequently, at danger of death, extinction, or damage (grow retardation, physiological or behavioural shortages), the most vulnerable and susceptible individuals or species being quenched. The endocrine deleterious responses to adults as compared to the embryonic/fetal/neonatal responses have been described. Changes in the hormonal system development are often irreversible, in contrast to reversible changes induced by the exposure to transient hormones in adults. The toxic effects start as the pesticides get into the lungs or in the equivalent blood-water/air exchanging system. In mammals, birds and reptiles breathed air entering through the noses touch the sinus cavities, it irritates their fragile membranes as, in response, may lead to an inflammation as it also can occur topically. In the pesticides risk assessment, hormesis can have significant practical impact, because this concept assumes the existence of limits for doses higher than the hormetic ones; and its acceptance would therefore erroneously lead to modification in the current practice of cancer risk assessment. Thus, long run health advance may succeed by replacing hazardous pesticides by sustainable biopesticides and along with other non-poisoning methods.