scholarly journals Informing good lighting in parks through visitors’ perceptions and experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi Smith ◽  
Jeffrey Hallo
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Acadia National Park ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Visitor Experiences ◽  
Human Perceptions ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Visitor Preferences

Park visitors’ experiences and outdoor lighting are linked, but no studies have investigated visitor preferences for lighting in these locations, nor reasons for such preferences.  Visitors’ preferences for lighting may help parks regulate and utilize lighting in a way that both protects resources and provides for quality night experiences.  Brightness, Correlated Color Temperature (CCT), and context affects human perceptions of lighting.  This paper examines these variables and related lighting preferences in settings common to parks: pathways, amphitheaters, and restrooms.  Experimental lighting scenarios were setup at Acadia National Park for brightness ranges typical of each setting.  CCTs were chosen based on those common for outdoor lighting – 3000K (yellow), 4200K (white), and 6000K (blue-white).  Scenario light fixtures were operated by control boxes that enabled participants to switch between the three CCTs and to adjust brightness.  A survey and semi-structure interviews collected data from visitors.  Participants preferred 3000K at both the restroom and amphitheater, but 4200K at the pathway.  A 6000K CCT was undesirable for all locations.  Visitors’ preferred brightness ranged from 1.4 lux on the pathway to 10.5 lux at the restroom.  The most frequently cited reasons for these choices were the desire to provide natural nighttime light levels, maintain natural darkness, create a soothing or subtle setting, and to avoid tripping or falling.  Many participants indicated having both negative and positive experiences in parks caused by outdoor lighting. Parks must address outdoor lighting if they are to comprehensively manage the nighttime environment and nighttime visitor experiences common in these places.

Light or presence of host trees: which is more important for the strangler fig?

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya R. Athreya
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Main Host

Strangler fig density varied considerably in the evergreen forest of Karian Shola National Park, southern India, with 11 individuals ha−1 in an open trail area and 5.6 individuals ha−1 within the primary forest area. The index of light level was assessed by estimating the percentage of upper canopy cover along the longitudinal centre of ten, 500-m × 20-m plots in each of the two areas of the evergreen forest. However, the increase in strangler fig density was not correlated to light levels but was significantly correlated to the numbers of their main host species in the two areas. In Karian Shola National Park, strangler figs occurred predominantly on a few host species with 20 and 50% of strangler figs growing on Vitex altissima, Diospyros bourdilloni and Eugenia/Syzygium spp. in the primary forest and trail areas respectively. Both young and established strangler figs were recorded mainly on larger individuals of their host trees indicating that older host trees are likely to be more suitable for the germination and establishment of strangler figs. The reason for the above could be the higher incidence of humus-filled and decaying regions in the older host trees which would provide an assured supply of nutrients for the establishing strangler fig.

Atmospheric concentrations and potential sources of PCBs, PBDEs, and pesticides to Acadia National Park

2013 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sait C. Sofuoglu ◽  
Aysun Sofuoglu ◽  
Thomas M. Holsen ◽  
Colleen M. Alexander ◽  
James J. Pagano
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Acadia National Park ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations

scholarly journals US national park visitor experiences during COVID-19: Data from Acadia, Glacier, Grand Teton, Shenandoah, and Yellowstone National Parks

2022 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Derrick Taff ◽  
Jennifer Thomsen ◽  
William L. Rice ◽  
Zachary Miller ◽  
Jennifer Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Visitor Experiences

scholarly journals Using Remote Sensing to Monitor the Spring Phenology of Acadia National Park across Elevational Gradients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Caitlin McDonough MacKenzie ◽  
Richard B. Primack ◽  
Michael J. Hill ◽  
Xiaoyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Acadia National Park ◽  
Fusion Model ◽  
Elevational Gradients ◽  
Spring Phenology

Abstract. Greenup dates of the mountainous Acadia National Park, were monitored using remote sensing data (including Landsat 8 surface reflectances (at a 30 m spatial resolution) and VIIRS reflectances adjusted to a nadir view (gridded at a 500 m spatial resolution)) during the 2013–2016 growing seasons. Ground-level leaf-out monitoring in the areas alongside the north-south-oriented hiking trails on three of the park's tallest mountains (466 m, 418 m, and 380 m) was used to evaluate satellite derived greenup dates in this study. While the 30 m resolution would be expected to provide a better scale for phenology detection in this mountainous region than the 500 m resolution, the daily temporal resolution of the 500 m data would be expected to offer vastly superior monitoring of the rapid variations experienced during vegetation greenup along elevational gradients. Therefore, the greenup dates derived from the Landsat 8 Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data, augmented with Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) simulated EVI values, does provide more spatial details than VIIRS data alone and agree well with field monitored leaf out dates. Satellite derived greenup dates from the 30 m of Acadia National Park vary among different elevational zones, although the date of greenup is not always the most advanced at the lowest elevation. This indicates that the spring phenology is not only determined by microclimates associated with different elevations in this mountainous area, but is also possibly affected by the species mixture, localized temperatures, and other factors in Acadia.

Mass Balances of Mercury and Nitrogen in Burned and Unburned Forested Watersheds at Acadia National Park, Maine, USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Nelson ◽  
K. B. Johnson ◽  
J. S. Kahl ◽  
T. A. Haines ◽  
I. J. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Acadia National Park ◽  
Forested Watersheds

Assessing Impacts to National Park Visitation From COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Jenkins ◽  
Felber Arroyave ◽  
Madeline Brown ◽  
Jullianna Chavez ◽  
Johnny Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
The Novel ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Visitor Experiences ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Park Visitation ◽  
Reservation System ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Entry Restrictions ◽  
Permit System

Yosemite National Park is a popular tourist destination with high visitation levels that have increased throughout the summer season over the past several decades. Like with other protected areas, high visitation levels pose challenges for coordinating resources, infrastructural capacity, and visitor experiences. Use limits, including rationing vehicle entry at gates by reservation, are one possible strategy to manage visitation levels. After an initial full closure, the park chose to operationalize a multiphased permit system for day-use and overnight entry over the course of the pandemic in accordance with local and national guidelines for operational safety. While park closures and other entry restrictions have been common in recent years due to wildland fires and other natural hazards, the pandemic-related entry limits represent a nearly yearlong experiment. The prolonged entry ration along with restrictions to group activities has limited visitation and potentially reduced transmission of the novel coronavirus. We review the per capita COVID-19 case count in surrounding counties given the flow of tourism from outside the region, assess the changes in access to the park with the novel reservation system, compare monthly visitation during the 2020 use limits with prior decadal averages, detail how high visitation levels and crowding persist, and review the Park’s plans for an ongoing day-use permit system. We conclude with the ongoing challenges managers face in light of continued high visitation. Readers will be able to debate the efficacy of use limits and what may be a sustainable level of visitation for the park.

Applying sustainability indicators in the analysis and segmentation of tourist demand - implications for marine visitor experiences on the Tremiti Islands, Italy.

2021 ◽  
pp. 192-204
Author(s):  
Nicolaia Iaffaldano ◽  
Sonia Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Visitor Experiences ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Questionnaire Research

Abstract This chapter presents the findings of qualitative questionnaire research carried out in the Tremiti Islands Marine Reserve, which is part of Gargano National Park, Italy. The study have identified different segments of tourists visiting Tremiti by means of the model proposed by Arnegger et al. (2010), using the matrix suggested in the model. The model was used to understand and categorize visitor characteristics, their expectations and levels of satisfaction, and the strengths and weaknesses of local offerings. This is crucial information for the managers of the marine reserve who require thorough knowledge of the different types of visitors to adapt to the needs, expectations and preferences of the visitors in order to offer high-quality services and memorable experiences.

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