scholarly journals ПОНЯТІЙНИЙ СКЛАДНИК КОНЦЕПТУ ПОЛІТИКА В СТРУКТУРІ СУЧАСНОЇ АНГЛІЙСЬКОМОВНОЇ КАРТИНИ СВІТУ

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Т. В. Курбатова ◽  
О. Г. Ліхошерст
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Global Society

У статті досліджена лінгвокогнітивна структура понятійного складника концепту ПОЛІТИКА в сучасній англомовній картині світу. Політика – одна з найважливіших сфер буття людини та суспільства. Як одиниця картинування свідомості вона представляє індивідуальний досвід людини, а також досвід усього суспільства, відбиваючи явища політичного життя в свідомості носіїв мови. Серед основних завдань у цій роботі визначаємо аналіз дефініцій мовних реперезентантів концепту в англомовних словниках з метою виокремлення понятійного складника та інтерпретації змісту концепту. Для досягнення цієї мети використовувалися методи дефініційного та компонентного аналізу. Об’єктом дослідження виступає концепт ПОЛІТИКА в сучасній англійськомовній картині світу. Предметом дослідження є структура понятійного складника концепту. Матеріалом дослідження виступають мовні одиниці, що репрезентують концепт ПОЛІТИКА. Дослідження проводилось із застосуванням комплексної методики концептуального аналізу. Це дозволило визначити основні уявлення про політику як такі, що зафіксовані у семантиці мовних одиниць, співвіднесених із політичною сферою діяльності носіїв сучасної англійської мови. Абстрактний характер цього поняття спричинює існування декількох лексичних одиниць, які активізують різні за змістом аспекти – politics, policy, political, politician, які утворюють ядерну зону концепту. У периферійній зоні знаходяться такі одиниці, як power, government, political activity, science, party, organization, state, country, leader, politician, the UN, globalization, crisis, human rights, global society, які конкретизують це поняття та виражають його різноманітні аспекти. Структура понятійного шару концепту ПОЛІТИКА характеризується високою лексико-семантичною щільністю. Це викликано абстрактним характером поняття, що є одним з базових в світосприйнятті людини.

Human Rights and Positive Duties

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowan Cruft
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Reverse Order ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Thomas Pogge ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
Positive Duties ◽  
Negative Duties ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Policy Proposals

In World Poverty and Human Rights, Thomas Pogge presents a range of attractive policy proposals—limiting the international resource and borrowing privileges, decentralizing sovereignty, and introducing a “global resources dividend”—aimed at remedying the poverty and suffering generated by the global economic order. These proposals could be motivated as a response to positive duties to assist the global poor, or they could be justified on consequentialist grounds as likely to promote collective welfare. Perhaps they could even be justified on virtue-theoretic grounds as proposals that a just or benevolent person would endorse. But Pogge presents them as a response to the violation of negative duties; this makes the need for such remedial policies especially morally urgent—on a par with the obligations of killers to take measures to stop killing.In this essay, I focus on the claim that responsibility for world poverty should be conceived in terms of a violation of negative duties. I follow Pogge in distinguishing two questions (p. 134): What kind of duties (positive or purely negative?) would we be subject to in a just global society where everyone fulfilled their duty and there was no significant risk of injustice? And what kind of duties (positive or purely negative?) do we face given that our global society falls short of the just society?I tackle these questions in reverse order below. I argue, in contrast to Pogge, that positive duties are relevant to our answers to both questions.

Terrorist in Search of Humanity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Devji
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Contemporary Politics

A global society has come into being, but possesses as yet no political institutions of its own. In his book, Faisal Devji argues that new forms of militancy, like that of Al Qaeda, achieve meaning in this institutional vacuum, while representing in their various ways the search for a global politics. From environmentalism to pacifism and beyond, such a politics can only be one that takes humanity itself as its object, hence militant practices are informed by the same search that animates humanitarianism, which from human rights to humanitarian intervention has become the global aim and signature of all contemporary politics. This is the search for humanity as an agent and not simply the victim of history. To the militant, victimized Muslims represent not their religion so much as humanity itself, and terrorism the effort to turn this humanity into an historical actor – since it is after all the globe’s only possible actor. For environmentalists and pacifists as much as for our holy warriors, a global humanity has in this way replaced the international proletariat as the ‘Sleeping Beauty’ of history.

Being Bold

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Dutt
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Women’S Human Rights ◽  
Women's Human Rights ◽  
Social Psychological Perspective

As the conclusion to the book Women’s Human Rights: A Social Psychological Perspective on Resistance, Liberation, and Justice, this chapter discusses values psychologists interested in building a justice-centered psychology of human rights should consider. In particular, this chapter focuses on the neoliberal context that characterizes global society and emphasizes the consequent growing need for justice-oriented approaches to psychosocial research. Discussion regarding ways each of the contributing chapters to the volume exemplify values of resistance, liberation, and justice is also included. The chapter ends with a call to embolden researchers to increasingly align their work with efforts to promote justice-oriented change in communities.

scholarly journals Thinking Ecologically About Educational Contexts and Community

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-322
Author(s):  
Anne McCrary Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Everglades National Park ◽  
Global Society ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Ecological Thinking

Taking the Earth Charter’s preamble as a beginning, this work calls for “ecological thinking” as a way of seeing and interpreting an interdependent world where we seek “to bring forth a sustainable global society founded on respect for nature, universal human rights, economic justice, and a culture of peace.” Incorporating poems and personal reflections, this braided essay grows out of the author’s experiences in Everglades National Park. As defined by Corey (2016), the braided essay offers “various threads of writing...nearly always without overt transition..., “each part having its own meaning, within “an obliquely accumulating larger impact” (pp. 7–8).

scholarly journals Reclaiming the Radical in Universal Human Rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn McNeilly
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Radical Politics ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
Competing Ideas ◽  
To Come ◽  
A Site

The universality of human rights has been a fiercely contested issue throughout their history. This article contributes to scholarly engagements with the universality of human rights by proposing a re-engagement with this concept in a way that is compatible with the aims of radical politics. Instead of a static attribute or characteristic of rights this article proposes that universality can be thought of as, drawing from Judith Butler, an ongoing process of universalisation. Universality accordingly emerges as a site of powerful contest between competing ideas of what human rights should mean, do or say, and universal concepts are continually reworked through political activity. This leads to a differing conception of rights politics than traditional liberal approaches but, moreover, challenges such approaches. This understanding of universality allows human rights to come into view as potentially of use in interrupting liberal regimes and, crucially, opens possibilities to reclaim the radical in rights.

Intra-Muslim Debates on Ecology: Is Shari’a Still Relevant?

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Universal Human Rights ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
Present Context ◽  
Iranian American

A survey of the proliferating literature by Muslims on ecology indicates that the majority favors some role for traditional Islamic law in order to solve the current environmental crisis. And so what is the meaning of the word “Shari’a” that appears so often? A close look at this discourse reveals an inherent fuzziness in its use of Shari’a. All of the scholar/activists surveyed in this paper, though on the conservative end of the spectrum, chiefly refer to “Shari’a” as a source of ethical values. The first to address these issues was Iranian-American philosopher Seyyed Hossein Nasr whose pluralist theology is hospitable to the spiritual input of all faiths; yet the most influential environmentalists today are the British scholars Mawil Izzi Dien and Fazlun Khalid, whose writings and campaigns have impacted millions of Muslims worldwide. Their appeal to past norms of eco-friendly Shari’a norms and their desire to update them in the present context fits nicely with the Earth’s Charter call for “a sustainable global society founded on respect for nature, universal human rights, economic justice, and a culture of peace.”

Global Society and Human Rights

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Cotesta ◽  
Matthew D'Auria
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Society
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