scholarly journals Análise Temporal do Uso e Cobertura dos Solos no Município de São Jose dos Ausentes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (Temporal Analysis of Use and Land Cover in the Municipality of São José dos Ausentes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussara Alves Pinheiro Sommer ◽  
Dejanira Luderitz Saldanha

Esta pesquisa apresenta o levantamento de dados sobre alterações no uso e cobertura dos solos na região denominada Campos de Cima da Serra, nordeste do RS, visando identificar as formações vegetais mais impactadas nos últimos vinte anos. Foram utilizadas imagens TM do satélite Landsat 5 dos anos de 1985 e 2009 e realizadas técnicas de processamento digital com a geração de imagens NDVI, composição colorida, imagem mudança, classificação supervisionada e a geração de mapas de uso e cobertura dos solos da região. Os dados levantados revelam a redução de 24,42% na classe mata nativa, entre os anos de 1985 e 2009. Na classe florestamento houve expansão de, aproximadamente, 514% em relação a 1985. Constata-se um decréscimo de 4,93% na área de campos em relação ao ano de 1985. Entretanto, é importante salientar que a extensão na área de campos, para o ano de 2009, pode ser menor devido à confusão espectral relacionada ao estágio de desenvolvimento de pinus s.p. sobre os campos. As alterações no uso e na cobertura dos solos nos últimos vinte e quatro anos no município de São José dos Ausentes indicam estratégias de manutenção das propriedades rurais frente às restrições econômicas e de manejo com a introdução de novos usos do solo. Os cultivos agrícolas de batata e o plantio de florestas exóticas (Pinus s.p) nos campos nativos consorciados às atividades tradicionais ligadas a pecuária extensiva, é uma estratégia dos proprietários contribuindo para a alteração da paisagem dos Campos de Cima da Serra.Palavras Chave: Sensoriamento remoto, análise temporal, usos e cobertura dos solos, Campos de Cima da Serra Temporal Analysis of Use and Land Cover in the Municipality of São José dos Ausentes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil ABSTRACTThis research presents the collection of data on changes in land use and land cover in the region called Campos de Cima da Serra, northeast of Rio Grande do Sul state, in order to identify the plant formations more impacted over the last twenty years. LANDSAT5 satellite images were used for the years 1985 and 2009 and digital processing techniques were performed resulting in NDVI imaging, color composite and change image, supervised classification, and generation of use and land cover maps of the region. The data collected show the decrease of 24.42% in native forest class, between the years 1985 and 2009. In foresting class there was expansion of approximately 514% compared to 1985. There is a decrease of 4.93% in the area of grasslands in relation to the year of 1985, however it is important to stress that the extension in the area of grasslands, for the year 2009, may be less due to spectral confusion related to the development stage of pinus s.p. over the fields. Changes in land use and cover over the past twenty-four years in the municipality of São José dos Ausentes indicate the strategies maintenance of rural properties facing the economic constraints and the stewardship with introduction of new uses of soil. Agricultural crops of potatoes and planting exotic forests (Pinus s. p) in native grassland linked to traditional activities associated to extensive livestock farming, is a proprietary strategy contributing to changing the landscape of Campos de  Cima da Serra.Keywords: remote sensing, land use e land cover, Campos de Cima da Serra

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (70) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Antônio Viel ◽  
Kátia Kellem Kellem da Rosa ◽  
Rosemary Hoff ◽  
Nina Simone Vilaverde Moura

The objective of this study was to investigate the land use and land cover patterns in the region Vale dos Vinhedos designation of origin and to relate them to the geomorphological mapping aiming to contribute to the implementation, monitoring and management of the areas intended to Geographical Indications for wines and sparkling wines. For this purpose, the geomorphology and the classes of land cover and land use were mapped. Both mappings were carried out using geotechnologies techniques. The shape pattern similar to high Hills is the most representative in the study area, occupying 77.13%. In the mapping of land use and land cover, the most representative class is forests (native or not), occupying 36% of the study area. The intersection between of the geomorphological mapping with land use and land cover classes resulted in the identification of morpho-environmental units.


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Luís Rovani ◽  
Vanderlei Secretti Decian ◽  
Elisabete Maria Zanin ◽  
Marciana Brandalise ◽  
Franciele Rosset Quadros ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Sumiya Gurgel ◽  
Paulo Roberto Silva Farias ◽  
Sandro Nunes de Oliveira

The objective of this study is to expand the mapping of land use and land cover, as well as of the permanent preservation areas (PPAs), and identify land misuse areas in the PPAs in the Tailândia municipality in the state of Pará, which is part of the Amazon biome. Remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems (GIS) were used to achieve these goals. Mapping and classification for the year 2012 were made by visual interpretation of images obtained from the RapidEye satellite, which has a 5 m spatial resolution. In this work, we identified nine classes of land use and land cover. From the hydrography vectors it was possible to determinate the Permanent Preservation Areas of the bodies of water according to the environmental legislation. Analysis of misuse in the PPAs was made by crossing-checking the land use and land cover data with that of the PPAs. The results show that 53 % of the municipality (2,347.64 km²) is occupied by human activities. Livestock farming is the activity that has most increased the use of area (30 %), followed by altered vegetation (14.6 %) and palm oil (7.2 %). The PPAs have a high percentage of misuse (47.12 %), with livestock being the largest contributor, occupying 26.65 % of the PPAs, followed by altered vegetation (12.64 %) and palm oil (4.29 %). Therefore, the main objective in Tailândia is to reconcile economic activity with sustainable development. It is important to emphasize the partnerships between the government, research institutions, regulatory agencies, states departments and local communities, else it would be impossible to monitor or control an area as vast as the Amazon.


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Katia Helena Lipp-Nissinen ◽  
Bruna de Sá Piñeiro ◽  
Letícia Sebastião Miranda ◽  
Alexandre de Paula Alves

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Viviane Capoane ◽  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Danilo Rheinheimer dos Santos

Este trabalho investigou os efeitos da topografia e das práticas de uso e manejo do solo na variabilidade de alguns atributos do solo ao longo de três topossequências localizadas no planalto do Rio Grande do Sul. As topossequências (Tps) estão inseridas em uma bacia hidrográfica situada no município de Júlio de Castilhos. Na Tp1 foram definidos quatro pontos de amostragem e na Tp2 e Tp3, cinco pontos. Em cada perfil foram coletadas amostras em 5 camadas de solo (0‒5, 5‒10, 10‒20, 20‒40 e 40‒60 cm). Em laboratório foram determinados os atributos: densidade, argila, pH em água, carbono (C) orgânico total, fósforo (P) total, P orgânico total, P disponível, óxidos de ferro (Fe) e alumínio (Al) cristalinos e amorfos. Os resultados encontrados mostram que o movimento de sedimentos em superfície e através do perfil do solo é controlado pela posição, forma e declividade da encosta e, pelas atividades antrópicas como o uso e manejo do solo e aplicação de fertilizantes. Considerando as classes de uso da terra, os maiores teores de C e P (total, orgânico e disponível) foram obtidos na área úmida, seguido da lavoura e campo nativo. Considerando a posição na encosta os teores de C e P foram maiores na baixada seguido da base da encosta, topo e meia encosta. A condição hidromórfica ao longo das topossequências desempenhou um papel importante na disponibilidade de P, acúmulo C orgânico total e solubilização dos óxidos de Fe e Al. A B ST R A C TThis work investigated the effects of topography and land use and soil management practices on the variability of some soil properties along three toposequences located in the Rio Grande do Sul plateau, Southern Brazil. The toposequences (Tps) evaluated are from a watershed located in the municipality of Júlio de Castilhos. Soil samples were taken in four points in Tp1 and in five points in Tp2 and Tp3. In each point samples were taken at five depths (0‒5, 5‒10, 10‒20, 20‒40, and 40‒60 cm). The soil properties evaluated were soil density, clay, pH in water, total organic carbon (C), total phosphorus (P), total organic P, available P, and amorphous and crystalline iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides. Results show that the transport of sediments on the surface and through the soil profile is controlled by topographic position, landform, slope, and also by the anthropic activities such as the use and management of the soil and the application of fertilizers. Considering the classes of land use, the highest levels of C and P (total, organic and available) were obtained in the wetlands, followed by the crop fields and natural grasslands. Considering the topographic position, the contents of C and P were higher in the floodplain followed by the base of the slope, top and middle slope. Hydromorphic conditions along the toposequences played an important role in P availability, total organic C accumulation and solubilization of Fe and Al oxides.keywords: Land use, topographic position, soil profile, soil properties. 


2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Kellner ◽  
Dev Niyogi

Abstract Land surface heterogeneity affects mesoscale interactions, including the evolution of severe convection. However, its contribution to tornadogenesis is not well known. Indiana is selected as an example to present an assessment of documented tornadoes and land surface heterogeneity to better understand the spatial distribution of tornadoes. This assessment is developed using a GIS framework taking data from 1950 to 2012 and investigates the following topics: temporal analysis, effect of ENSO, antecedent rainfall linkages, population density, land use/land cover, and topography, placing them in the context of land surface heterogeneity. Spatial analysis of tornado touchdown locations reveals several spatial relationships with regard to cities, population density, land-use classification, and topography. A total of 61% of F0–F5 tornadoes and 43% of F0–F5 tornadoes in Indiana have touched down within 1 km of urban land use and land area classified as forest, respectively, suggesting the possible role of land-use surface roughness on tornado occurrences. The correlation of tornado touchdown points to population density suggests a moderate to strong relationship. A temporal analysis of tornado days shows favored time of day, months, seasons, and active tornado years. Tornado days for 1950–2012 are compared to antecedent rainfall and ENSO phases, which both show no discernible relationship with the average number of annual tornado days. Analysis of tornado touchdowns and topography does not indicate any strong relationship between tornado touchdowns and elevation. Results suggest a possible signature of land surface heterogeneity—particularly that around urban and forested land cover—in tornado climatology.


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