ABSTRACT Background: Prevention mother to child transmission counseling and testing (PMTCT) service is primarily provided at health facility level. However, their full implementation requires strong linkages with communities. The purpose of this study was to examine contextual effect of community health centers on midwife performance in the implementation of PMTCT? Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at 24 community health centers in Madiun, East Java, from August to September 2019. A sample of 184 midwives was selected by total sampling. The dependent variable was implementation of PMTCT. The independent variables were age, tenure, knowledge, training, work performance, and accreditation. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple linear regression. Results: Implementation of PMTCT counseling and testing improved with tenure ≥8 years (b= 0.51; 95% CI= 0.15 to 0.87; p= 0.006), good knowledge (b= 0.61; 95% CI= 0.33 to 0.89; p<0.001), had trained (b= 0.41; 95% CI= 0.08 to 0.74; p= 0.014), good work performance (b= 0.56; 95% CI= 0.21 to 0.92; p= 0.002), and good accreditation (b= 0.49; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.95; p= 0.031). Implementation of PMTCT counseling and testing reduced with midwives age ≥35 years (b= -0.51; 95% CI= -0.80 to -0.21; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Implementation of PMTCT counseling and testing improves with tenure ≥8 years, good knowledge, had trained, good work performance, and good accreditation. Implementation of PMTCT counseling and testing reduces with midwives age ≥35 years. Keywords: implementation, prevention mother to child transmission, work performance, accreditation Correspondence: Sringatin. Dolopo Regional Public Hospital, Madiun, East Java. Jl. Raya Dolopo 117, Dolopo, Madiun 63174, East Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 081231683090. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.96