Serological monitoring of avian influenza and Newcastle disease in the Russian Federation in 2019

More than 30,000 samples of blood serum from domestic, wild and synanthropic birds from 50 regions of the Russian Federation were submitted to the FGBI “ARRIAH” (Vladimir) Reference Laboratory for Avian Viral Diseases to be tested for avian influenza and Newcastle disease within the framework of monitoring activities conducted by the Rosselkhoznadzor in 2019. As a result of the laboratory diagnosis, antibodies to type A influenza virus were detected in vaccinated chickens from two poultry farms in the Perm and Primorsky Krais (A/N9). The detected antibodies were specific to the haemagglutinin subtype of the vaccine antigen. As for the backyards in the RF Subjects, where scheduled vaccination against avian influenza A/H5 is carried out, a low level of immunity was seen in the Rostov and Astrakhan Oblasts (35 and 44%, respectively) while a high level of immunity was observed in the Republic of Altai, Krasnodar Krai, the Chechen Republic and the Primorsky Krai (69, 78, 80 and 88%, respectively). High seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus in adult poultry in indoor holdings was associated with mass vaccination against the disease. In broiler chickens, post-vaccination antibodies were observed, on average, in 42% of the studied blood serum samples. Antibodies to the Newcastle disease virus were detected in 39% of samples from backyard chickens. Seroprevalence in wild and synanthropic birds was high. The obtained results suggest that the risk of introduction and spread of avian influenza and Newcastle disease in industrial poultry farms and in backyards remains.

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SEROLOGICAL MONITORING OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN RUSSIA 2017

Veterinary Science Today ◽

10.29326/2304-196x-2018-4-27-26-30 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 26-30

Author(s):

M. A. Volkova ◽

Ir. A. Chvala ◽

P. S. Yaroslavtseva ◽

V. Yu. Sosipatorova ◽

I. A. Chvala

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Wild Birds ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Moment

Newcastle disease is an OIE-listed and highly contagious viral avian disease inflicting great economic losses and constituting a serious threat to poultry farms all over the world. The paper provides monitoring research results for Newcastle disease among poultry and wild birds in the Russian Federation for 2017. The tests were carried out with diagnostic kits for Newcastle disease virus antibody detection by immunosorbent assay and HI at the FGBI “ARRIAH” Reference Laboratory for Viral Avian Diseases (Vladimir). Biological material delivered from Rosselkhoznadzor Territorial Administrations was collected from 31 678 domestic and 433 wild and synanthropic birds from 22 and 4 regions of the Russian Federation, respectively. The paper shows different levels of seroprevalence in poultry from industrial poultry establishments of a closed type and backyards and in wild birds of various regions of the Russian Federation. Almost total Newcastle disease seroprevalence was found in adult poultry from industrial closed establishments due to a total vaccination against the disease. Broilers demonstrated a relatively low average Newcastle disease virus seroprevalence because of an insufficient antibody level by the moment of blood sampling (mostly during slaughter). On average, antibodies to Newcastle disease virus were detected in one third of samples from backyard poultry. With that, high seroprevalence was registered on farms of North Caucasian Republics and southern regions of the Russian Federation. Seroprevalence in wild birds was moderate. Thus, the monitoring research indicates an unstable epidemiological situation for Newcastle disease in the Russian Federation and the remaining risk of disease outbreak on industrial and backyard farms.

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