scholarly journals A jazida paleolítica de Castelo Velho (Riachos, Torres Novas). Novos elementos para o seu estudo: a indústria lítica do locus 2

Author(s):  
João Pedro Cunha Ribeiro

A descoberta de uma nova ocupação arqueológica na jazida paleolítica do Castelo Velho ocorreu nodecurso de trabalhos de investigação sobre o Paleolítico Inferior, na margem direita do rio Tejo, na áreaabrangida pelos concelhos do Entroncamento, Golegã e Torres Novas. Quando procedemos à relocalizaçãodesta jazida, ao seu estudo e enquadramento na cronoestratigrafia das formações quaternárias da região,detectou-se um depósito coluvionar que, localmente, se sobrepõe de forma parcial às formações fluviaisdo rio Tejo aí representadas – Ft4 e Ft5 – associado a uma significativa concentração de materiais líticostalhados. A posterior realização de uma escavação arqueológica no local possibilitou a recolha de umaindústria lítica com mais de 250 peças baseada na exploração local do quartzito sob a forma de calhausrolados. O estudo desta colecção permitiu verificar a preponderância de uma cadeia operatória de debitagemcentrípeta, não Levallois, associada à presença quase exclusiva de alguns utensílios sobre lasca, oque levou a associar a indústria lítica ao Paleolítico Médio. Tendo em conta a posição estratigráfica dacoluvião e a pedogénese que a afecta, admite-se que a mesma se terá formado depois da deposição daúltima formação fluvial, localmente representada em Castelo Velho (Ft5), mas num momento anterior aoinício da deposição da formação fluvial mais recente do rio Tejo (Ft6), o que está de acordo com a classificaçãoproposta e sugere, aparentemente, uma datação relativamente antiga para a indústria no quadrodo Paleolítico Médio em Portugal. The discovery of a new archaeological occupation in the Paleolithic site of Castelo Velho occurred duringa research campaign on Lower Paleolithic of the right bank of Tejo River, in the area of Entroncamento,Golegã and Torres Novas municipalities. When we were relocating, studying and matching this LowerPaleolithic site in the chronostratigraphy of the regional Quaternary deposits, we have found a colluvialdeposit, partially overlaid to the terraces of Tejo River existing there – Ft4 and Ft5 – associated to asignificant concentration of lithic implements. A later archaeological excavation in this deposit allowedus to collect a lithic industry with more than 250 implements developed from local quartzite pebbles. Thestudy of this assemblage show mainly the presence of a lithic reduction sequence based on a centripetaldebitage, without Levallois products, with the almost exclusive presence of flake tools, allowed us toassociate this lithic industry to the Middle Paleolithic. When observing the stratigraphical position of thecolluvial deposit and its pedogenesis, we might admit that it was formed after the deposition of the lastlocal terrace of Castelo Velho (Ft5), but in a moment that was previous to the beginning of the depositionof the most recent terrace of the Tejo River (Ft6), which are in accord with the proposal classificationand leads us to a relatively old chronology of the industry inside the Portuguese Middle Paleolithic.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Assaf

This paper sheds light on the presence and significance of unusually small, colorful, unmodified, flint pebbles unearthed at Qesem Cave, a late Lower Paleolithic site in Israel. For over two million years, early humans were noticing, collecting and bringing "home" various non-utilitarian objects with aesthetic visible characteristics, in what seems to reflect a basic human trait. Archaeological findings suggest that as early as the Lower Paleolithic, prehistoric humans were also guided by considerations other than economic, cost-benefit ones. Such is the case at Qesem Cave, where seventeen pebbles that are clearly smaller than the smallest pebbles used in the lithic industry on-site were found. These objects do not show any traces of use. Based on archaeological and anthropological evidence, I suggest that the small, natural flint pebbles exhibit noticeable visual characteristics, and therefore they might have been selected and brought to the cave due to their aesthetic traits. Various materials such as animal carcasses, fire-wood and lithic materials were systematically procured and brought to the cave, indicating that the inhabitants must have been well acquainted with different sources of resources. In this light, the presence of the pebbles seems to be the result of conscious, purposeful decisions. Their presence at the cave reveals a fraction of some of the aesthetic and perceptual preferences of the early humans that inhabited Qesem Cave, and their rich cultural world.


2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Hu ◽  
Qijun Ruan ◽  
Jianhui Liu ◽  
Ben Marwick ◽  
Bo Li

AbstractTianhuadong is a cave site located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, China. Since 2010, several surveys and one test excavation have yielded more than 1000 stone artifacts. The lithic assemblage shows some features of Levallois and Quina technologies, similar to those found in Middle Paleolithic sites in the Western Hemisphere. In this study, we summarize the lithic industry and propose a reliable chronology for the site using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of individual quartz grains extracted from sediments. We applied the standardized growth curve method to deal with the problem associated with the saturation in natural OSL signals in quartz. Our dating results yielded ages of 90–40 ka, suggesting that the associated lithic assemblage could be assigned to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages 5 and 4 and could potentially represent Middle Paleolithic technologies. Because the number of Middle Paleolithic sites in southwest China is small, this site provides one of the few traces of human occupation in southwest China during the early upper Pleistocene. Thus, it is important for understanding hominin evolution and dispersal in this region.


Author(s):  
Clara L.C. Huang ◽  
◽  
Bonnie A.B. Blackwell ◽  
Ljiljana S. Korobar ◽  
Jialin Zhuo ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Anisyutkin ◽  
S.I. Kovalenko ◽  
V.A. Burlacu ◽  
A.K. Ocherednoi ◽  
A.L. Chepalyga

CATENA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 105977
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Sycheva ◽  
Nikolay K. Anisyutkin ◽  
Olga S. Khokhlova

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 106304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mae Goder-Goldberger ◽  
Onn Crouvi ◽  
Valentina Caracuta ◽  
Liora Kolska Horwitz ◽  
Frank H. Neumann ◽  
...  

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