Cognición social en niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad: una revisión narrativa de la literatura

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
Ma. Guillermina Yáñez-Téllez ◽  
Daniel Hernández-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Affective Prosody ◽  
Palabras Clave

Los niños con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) presentan problemas en la interacción social, los cuales pueden ser atribuidos a deficiencias en la cognición social (CS), no obstante, esta función ha sido poco estudiada en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 18 años acerca de la CS en niños con TDAH, en los subdominios de teoría de la mente, reconocimiento de emociones en rostros, lenguaje pragmático y prosodia afectiva. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus, combinando las siguientes palabras clave: “ADHD”, “social cognition”, “theory of mind”, “emotion recognition”, “pragmatic language” y “affective prosody”. Se seleccionaron artículos desde el 2000 hasta el 2018. El reconocimiento de emociones en rostros es el déficit en CS más reportado, encontrándose fallas en la comprensión de gestos de miedo, tristeza, felicidad y enojo, aunque no de manera consistente. Asimismo, se reportan deficiencias en la teoría de la mente, principalmente en la referencia social, entendimiento de emociones básicas, metarrepresentaciones, inferencias de segundo orden y comprensión de juicios sociales complejos.

scholarly journals Self-serving social strategies: A systematic review of social cognition in narcissism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare M. Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Narcissistic Personality

AbstractNarcissistic Personality Disorder is characterised by inflated self-importance, an excessive need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. The interpersonal difficulties associated with narcissistic personality may be becoming more widespread given its increasing prevalence within the general population. This systematic review investigated the relationship between narcissistic personality traits and social cognition (i.e. theory of mind; emotion recognition; empathy; emotional intelligence) in clinical and non-clinical samples. Cognitive empathy (i.e. perspective taking) appears unlikely to be impaired, while affective empathy (relating to another’s emotion state) may be reduced in association with narcissism. Those with grandiose narcissism rate their empathic skills more highly than those with vulnerable narcissism, but concurrent administration of objective measures is rare, limiting insight into the validity of self-ratings. Rather than deficits in aspects of social cognition, the overall pattern could reflect motivation, or advantageous use of social cognitive skills to serve the self. Indeed, interpersonal strategies associated with narcissism (e.g. deception; manipulation) suggest the application of understanding another’s beliefs or desires in the context of low empathy. Further research should seek to explore performance on a wider range of emotion recognition and theory of mind tasks, and whether characteristics such as excessive jealousy and paranoia could reflect hyper-mentalizing.

Association Between Olfactory Identification and Face Emotion Recognition in Euthymic Bipolar Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Lahera ◽  
E. Herrería ◽  
S. Ruiz-Murugarren ◽  
C. Ruiz-Bennásar ◽  
P. Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Olfactory Identification ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Verbal Theory ◽  
Face Emotion Recognition ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction:The close anatomical and functional connection between the orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory processing suggests that emotion regulation and olfactory identification could be associated. Smell identification deficit (SID) is common in adult schizophrenia, but it has been less studied in bipolar patients, who also show a significant degree of social disadvantage.Methods:A sample of 27 euthymic bipolar patients were recluted. Euthymia was defined as YMRS < 6 and HDRS < 8, during a 3-month period. Patients were assessed with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Face Recognition Test and a verbal Theory of Mind test (Faux Pas Test), in order to examine the association between olfactory identification ability and social cognition domains.Results:According to the hypothesis, olfactory identification was positively correlated with Face Emotion Recognition (Pearson, p = 0.007) and verbal Theory of Mind (Pearson, p=0.030). Smell identification was similar in smoker (15/27) and non-smoker subgroup of the sample (U Mann Whitney; p = n.s). No differences were neither found between male (14/27) and female subgroup (U; p = n.s).Conclusion:Olfactory identification and social cognition (specially, face emotion recognition) appear to represent two correlated traits in bipolar disorder, suggesting a possible common neural substrate.

scholarly journals Neuronal correlates of affective theory of mind in schizophrenia out-patients: evidence for a baseline deficit

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1607-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mier ◽  
C. Sauer ◽  
S. Lis ◽  
C. Esslinger ◽  
J. Wilhelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Schizophrenia Group

BackgroundSchizophrenia out-patients have deficits in affective theory of mind (ToM) but also on more basal levels of social cognition, such as the processing of neutral and emotional expressions. These deficits are associated with changes in brain activation in the amygdala and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). However, until now there have been no studies that examined these different levels of social cognition and their neurobiological underpinnings in patients within one design.MethodSixteen medicated schizophrenia out-patients and 16 matched healthy controls were studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a social cognition task that allows the investigation of affective ToM (aToM), emotion recognition and the processing of neutral facial expressions.ResultsPatients showed a deficit in emotion recognition and a more prominent deficit in aToM. The performance in aToM and in emotion recognition was correlated in the control group but not in the schizophrenia group. Region-of-interest analysis of functional brain imaging data revealed no difference between groups during aToM, but a hyperactivation in the schizophrenia group in the left amygdala and right STS during emotion recognition and the processing of neutral facial expressions.ConclusionsThe results indicate that schizophrenia out-patients have deficits at several levels of social cognition and provide the first evidence that deficits on higher-order social cognitive processes in schizophrenia may be traced back to an aberrant processing of faces per se.

Social Cognition and General Functioning in Bipolar Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lahera ◽  
E. Herrería ◽  
S. Ruiz-Murugarren ◽  
C. Ruiz-Bennásar ◽  
P. Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
General Functioning ◽  
Low Functioning ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Face Emotion Recognition

Introduction:Bipolar patients show a significant degree of psychosocial disfunction even in euthymia. Recent studies have reported deficits in Theory of Mind and emotion recognition in BD. Our hypothesis is that social cognition deficit could be associated with a poor general functioning and psychosocial disadvantage in BD.Methods:A sample of 27 euthymic bipolar patients were recluted. Based on Global Assessment of Functioning, they were divided into two groups: good or low general functioning. Euthymia was defined as YMRS < 6 and HDRS < 8, during a 3-month period. Patients with high (n 18) and low (n 9) functioning were compared on several clinical variables and on social / general cognitive measures. Both verbal and non verbal Theory of Mind capacities were assesed (faux pas test and face emotion recognition test). Finally, sustained attention and executive functions were evaluated (Asarnow Test and WSCT).Results:High- and low-functioning groups did not differ with respect to demographic and clinical variables (age, sex, age at onset, years of evolution of illness, history of prior psychotic symptoms; p = n.s.). However, low-functioning group showed poorer performance than high-functioning group both in faux pas test (U Mann Whitney; p=0.035) and face emotion recognition (U; p = 0.021). In addition, low-functioning group also showed a significant impairment in general cognitive funtions such as sustained attention (U, p = 0.007) and executive funtions (U, p = 0.046).Conclusion:Social cognition deficit is associated with a poorer general functioning and psychosocial disadvantage.

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