scholarly journals Biodiversity Conservation in the Face of Dramatic Forest Disease: An Integrated Conservation Strategy for Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus) Threatened by Sudden Oak Death

Madroño ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Cobb ◽  
David M. Rizzo ◽  
Katherine J. Hayden ◽  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
João A. N. Filipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Sudden Oak Death ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Forest Disease ◽  
The Face ◽  
Notholithocarpus Densiflorus ◽  
Integrated Conservation

scholarly journals Traditional Biodiversity Conservation Strategy As A Complement to the Existing Scientific Biodiversity Conservation Models in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dickson Adom
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Knowledge Systems ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Biodiversity Management ◽  
Clear Cut

Biodiversity management in Ghana has been largely driven by scientific conservation models. The time-tested and useful traditional conservation ethos in the Ghanaian cultural and artistic elements such as festivals, proverbs, cosmological belief systems and taboos are often watered down by conservationists in biodiversity conservation schemes. This is due to conservationists’ lack of clear-cut guidelines on how to effectively utilize the traditional knowledge systems in complementing the scientific conservation models they are well versed. The developed traditional biodiversity strategy was based on the findings from a robust phenomenological study conducted among purposively and randomly sampled key stakeholders in biodiversity management in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The document aims at offering comprehensive information and guidelines to conservationists on effective ways of implementing traditional knowledge systems in biodiversity conservation issues in Ghana. It ultimately aims at filling the dearth in traditional knowledge systems that have been an age-long problem for the conservation ministries and agencies in Ghana. The informative directions in the developed traditional biodiversity strategy would offer another lens to addressing conservation issues in Ghana while acting as a viable complement to the scientific models. This would ultimately maximize and enrich the conservation strategies for managing Ghana’s biodiversity.

scholarly journals Flagship species approach: are we heading on the right track?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Kanchan Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Conservation Science ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim The paper aims to evaluate the usefulness of the Flagship Species Approach (FSA) as a conservation strategy. Location The study was conducted primarily among the conservation practitioners working with the flagship species in Nepal. Material and Methods Using a structured questionnaire, a total of 89 conservationists from three different categories of conservation agencies: government, nongovernmental organizations, and intellectuals (academics and researchers), were asked about their views regarding the FSA in bringing conservation benefits and reducing the biodiversity threats. I used non-parametric tests for analyzing the data. Key findings A majority of respondents shared the view that the FSA is being used effectively in raising funds for conservation and in bringing awareness to people and enhancing conservation of other species. Level of satisfaction pertaining to FSA, however, differed among the governmental / nongovernmental organizations and the intellectual agencies. Conservation implications This study found that FSA had been instrumental in raising the funds for biodiversity conservation and keeping the science in the forerunner. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cs.v1i1.9585 Conservation Science 2013 1(1), 47-52

scholarly journals Globalization and Biodiversity Conservation Problems: Polycentric REDD+ Solutions

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwangi Githiru ◽  
Josephine Njambuya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Great Chance ◽  
Free Rider Problem ◽  
The Face ◽  
Negative Impacts

Protected areas are considered the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation, but face multiple problems in delivering this core objective. The growing trend of framing biodiversity and protected area values in terms of ecosystem services and human well-being may not always lead to biodiversity conservation. Although globalization is often spoken about in terms of its adverse effects to the environment and biodiversity, it also heralds unprecedented and previously inaccessible opportunities linked to ecosystem services. Biodiversity and related ecosystem services are amongst the common goods hardest hit by globalization. Yet, interconnectedness between people, institutions, and governments offers a great chance for globalization to play a role in ameliorating some of the negative impacts. Employing a polycentric governance approach to overcome the free-rider problem of unsustainable use of common goods, we argue here that REDD+, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) climate change mitigation scheme, could be harnessed to boost biodiversity conservation in the face of increasing globalization, both within classic and novel protected areas. We believe this offers a timely example of how an increasingly globalized world connects hitherto isolated peoples, with the ability to channel feelings and forces for biodiversity conservation. Through the global voluntary carbon market, REDD+ can enable and empower, on the one hand, rural communities in developing countries contribute to mitigation of a global problem, and on the other, individuals or societies in the West to help save species they may never see, yet feel emotionally connected to.

Forest transformation resulting from an exotic pathogen: regeneration and tanoak mortality in coast redwood stands affected by sudden oak death

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin S. Ramage ◽  
Kevin L. O’Hara ◽  
Alison B. Forrestel
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Sudden Oak Death ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Marin County ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Redwood Forests ◽  
Exotic Pathogen ◽  
Notholithocarpus Densiflorus

Sudden oak death is dramatically altering forests throughout coastal California, but little is known about the communities that are assembling in affected areas. This emerging disease, caused by the exotic pathogen Phytophthora ramorum (S. Werres, A.W.A.M. de Cock), has had especially severe effects on tanoak ( Notholithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Manos, Cannon & S.H. Oh), a broadleaf evergreen that is abundant in forests dominated by coast redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.). Tanoak, a valuable food source to numerous wildlife species, is unlikely to successfully regenerate in diseased areas, and thus, affected redwood forests are transitioning to a novel state. In this study, to predict which species might replace tanoak, we investigated regeneration patterns in heavily impacted stands in Marin County, California. Our main findings were as follows: (i) despite reductions in canopy cover, there is no evidence that any species other than tanoak has exhibited a regenerative response to tanoak mortality, (ii) the regeneration stratum was dominated by redwood and tanoak (other tree species were patchy and (or) scarce), and (iii) some severely affected areas lacked sufficient regeneration to fully re-occupy available growing space. Our results indicate that redwood is likely to initially re-occupy the majority of the ground relinquished by tanoak, but also provide evidence that longer-term trajectories are unresolved, and may be highly responsive to management interventions.

Citizen Science Uncovers Phytophthora ramorum as a Threat to Several Rare or Endangered California Manzanita Species

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 3173-3182
Author(s):  
Matteo Garbelotto ◽  
Tina Popenuck ◽  
Brett Hall ◽  
Wolfgang Schweigkofler ◽  
Francesco Dovana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Sudden Oak Death ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Forest Disease ◽  
Marin County ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Comparative Susceptibility ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

The Sudden Oak Death (SOD) Blitzes consist of yearly surveys led by citizen scientists designed to map the distribution of Phytophthora ramorum, cause of the forest disease called SOD, across northern California. During the 2017 Santa Cruz County SOD Blitz, six rare or endangered Arctostaphylos (manzanita) species were found to be possibly symptomatic for the first time. Symptoms included branch cankers and associated canopy mortality, and affected multiple individuals per species. Isolates of P. ramorum were obtained from each of the six species and, through a 30-day-long inoculation experiment on live plants, Koch’s postulates were completed for each one of them, conclusively determining that they all are hosts of this pathogen. Two additional manzanita species were later found to be apparently symptomatic in Marin County. Inoculations on detached branches using an isolate of P. ramorum obtained from one of the six rare species from Santa Cruz County were successful, suggesting that these two species may also be hosts of P. ramorum. Detached leaves of all eight species were also successfully inoculated at the University of California-Berkeley in fall 2018 and then again in spring 2019. In these cases, the same isolate was used for all inoculations, in order to obtain information on the comparative susceptibility of the eight species in question. Both branch and leaf inoculations identified significant interspecific differences in susceptibility. The production of sporangia was low on all species but it was not zero, suggesting that sporulation may cause within-plant and limited across-plant contagion, especially in rainy years.

Strategies for conservation of germplasm in endemic redwoods in the face of climate change: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Giant Sequoia ◽  
The Face

This study reviews the various conservation strategies applied to the four redwood species, namely coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Sierra redwood or giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and South American redwood or alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), which are endemic in the USA, China and South America, respectively. All four redwood genera belong to the family Cupressaceae; they are monospecific, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened in their native ranges due to human activity and a changing climate. Therefore, the management objective should be to conserve representative populations of the native species with as much genetic diversity as possible for their future survival. Those representative populations exhibiting relatively high levels of genetic diversity should be selected for germplasm preservation and monitored during the conservation phase by using molecular markers. In situ and ex situ strategies for the preservation of germplasm of the redwoods are discussed in this study. A holistic in situ gene conservation strategy calls for the regeneration of a large number of diverse redwood genotypes that exhibit adequate levels of neutral and adaptive genetic variability, by generative and vegetative methods for their preservation and maintenance in their endemic locations. At the same time, it would be desirable to conserve the redwoods in new ex situ reserves, away from their endemic locations with similar as well as different environmental conditions for testing their growth and survival capacities. In addition, other ex situ strategies involving biotechnological approaches for preservation of seeds, tissues, pollen and DNA in genebanks should also be fully exploited in the face of global climate change.

scholarly journals Sleeping with the enemy? Biodiversity conservation, corporations and the green economy

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Extreme Form ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Devil

Abstract This article explores the surprising closeness and apparent warmth of the relations between biodiversity conservation organisations and corporations. It argues that in this paradoxical engagement, conservationists are exhibiting an extreme form of pragmatism - a willingness to 'sleep with the enemy.' The article considers the implications of these arrangements using the metaphor of a Faustian Bargain, a deal with the devil to acquire power in exchange for the soul. It considers the lure to conservationists of the logics underlying collaboration in the forms of market-based neoliberal conservation and the green economy in the light of the long-standing tradition of opposition in the face of the destructive engagement between capitalism and nature. It considers the benefits of conservation of its Faustian bargain, and explores its consequences. Key Words: biodiversity conservation, neoliberal conservation

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document