scholarly journals 親子共讀對新住民孩童心理社會發展困境之緩衝效果 Buffering Effects of Parent-Child Reading on Young Child Development in a Family with Immigrant Mother

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Ting Chen ◽  
Yi-Cheng Lin ◽  
Yen-Ping Chang ◽  
Chin-Lan Huang

臺灣近年生育率持續降低,但新住民家庭子女學生數卻逆向成長,目前約每十位孩童就有一位來自新住民家庭。新住民家庭經常面對較多的社會困境,原因包括原生家庭經濟不佳、教育程度不高,加上在新環境中語言、文化背景的差異,在所有不利因素交互影響下,新住民家庭的社經條件即普遍較非新住民家庭低,使雙親需要以較長時間的勞動來支撐家庭開支。有不少研究結果顯示新住民家庭的孩童,於多方面的發展上較為不利。親子共讀乃為國內外許多研究支持可促進幼兒發展的因子之一,像是可以提升幼兒的認知發展、語言發展、閱讀、繪畫表現、以及與同儕的人際互動能力。然而,在國內仍僅有少數研究針對新住民家庭中的幼兒,探討親子共讀對幼兒發展的影響,本研究欲針對此加以探討。本研究使用幼兒發展調查資料庫中的大型資料,研究對象為36月齡組幼兒。研究者從2,164案的資料庫中,母親國籍為非本國籍、父親國籍為本國籍之145位孩童作為本研究之新住民樣本。相應的對照組則為1,959位父、母皆為本國籍之孩童。結果顯示新住民家庭相較於非新住民家庭,父親的年齡較高且母親的年齡顯著較低,且父母親的教育程度與家庭總收入皆低於非新住民家庭。在發展指標上面,相較於非新住民家庭中的幼兒,新住民家庭中的幼兒在認知、語言、社會與情緒四項指標上發展皆較為落後。在控制父母的年齡、教育程度、親職參與程度、以及家庭總收入後,發現在低親子共讀經驗情況下,新住民幼兒的認知、語言、社會與情緒發展皆顯著低於非新住民幼兒的認知發展;但相反的,在高親子共讀經驗情況下,新住民家庭幼兒的各層面的發展則與非新住民家庭中的幼兒無異,甚至在認知、情緒發展上有略高於非新住民家庭幼兒的傾向。在同樣是低程度的親子共讀經驗下,新住民的孩子會比非新住民的孩子的表現更差;然而,當新住民家庭努力提高其親子共讀經驗時,即便在與非新住民母親是相同的投入程度,就可以具體的緩衝掉因為社經地位差異所造成的藩籬,甚至翻轉這個劣勢,呈現出更佳的幼兒發展效果。此為國內第一篇具體指出親子共讀具有翻轉結構力量的可能性研究,對未來持續探討新住民家庭動力以及親子共讀的重要性與歷程等都有重要的意義。

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Frosch ◽  
Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan ◽  
D. David O’Banion

A child’s development is embedded within a complex system of relationships. Among the many relationships that influence children’s growth and development, perhaps the most influential is the one that exists between parent and child. Recognition of the critical importance of early parent-child relationship quality for children’s socioemotional, cognitive, neurobiological, and health outcomes has contributed to a shift in efforts to identify relational determinants of child outcomes. Recent efforts to extend models of relational health to the field of child development highlight the role that parent, child, and contextual factors play in supporting the development and maintenance of healthy parent-child relationships. This review presents a parent-child relational health perspective on development, with an emphasis on socioemotional outcomes in early childhood, along with brief attention to obesity and eating behavior as a relationally informed health outcome. Also emphasized here is the parent–health care provider relationship as a context for supporting healthy outcomes within families as well as screening and intervention efforts to support optimal relational health within families, with the goal of improving mental and physical health within our communities.


1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvon Gauthier

Recent research on child development and on infant-mother psychotherapy is reviewed. The problem of continuity or discontinuity of early patterns is thus brought out, as well as the possibility of change under the influence of environmental modifications or in psychotherapy. After briefly presenting the most often proposed mechanisms to explain change, the possibility is suggested that such change could be better conceptualized by using fundamental modes of development that can be particularly observed in mother-infant or parent-young child interaction.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
RUSTIN MCINTOSH

The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, in which Mr. Robertson carries out research in child development, has long been known for its emphasis on the risk of inflicting serious and lasting damage on the personality of a young child by separating him from his accustomed home environment, especially during hospitalization. Many pediatricians in this country have seen the film "A Two-Year-Old Goes to Hospital," and not a few have been privileged to hear Dr. Bowlby or Mr. Robertson plead eloquently for acceptance of the mother into the hospital setting when a patient younger than 5 years of age is admitted.


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