Taxometric evidence for a dimensional latent structure of hypnotic suggestibility

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.31234/osf.io/8j9va ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mikhail Reshetnikov ◽

Devin Terhune

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

A Priori ◽

Discrete Subgroup ◽

Latent Structure ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Distinct Mode ◽

Taxometric Analysis ◽

Base Rates ◽

Small Subgroup ◽

Categorical Models

Hypnotic suggestibility denotes a capacity to respond positively to direct verbal suggestions in an involuntary manner in the context of hypnosis. Elucidating the characteristics of this ability has bearing on responsiveness to suggestions in a variety of clinical and non-clinical contexts. A considerable amount of research has focused on a small subgroup of individuals who display strong responsiveness to hypnotic suggestions. However, it remains poorly understood whether these highly suggestible individuals constitute a discrete subgroup (taxon) that is characterized by a qualitatively distinct mode of responding from the remainder of the population or whether hypnotic suggestibility is better modelled as a dimensional ability. In this study, we applied taxometric analysis, a statistical method for distinguishing between dimensional and categorical models of a psychological ability, to behavioural and involuntariness subscale scores of the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale: Form A (HGSHS:A) in a sample of neurotypical individuals (N=584). Analyses of HGSHS:A behavioural and involuntariness subscale scores with different a priori taxon base rates yielded consistent evidence for a dimensional structure. These results suggest that hypnotic suggestibility, as measured by the HGSHS:A, is dimensional and have implications for current understanding of individual differences in responsiveness to direct verbal suggestions.

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Cross-Task Stability of Individual Differences in Adaptivity to Changing Base Rates

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e501882009-777 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Christian D. Schunn

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Base Rates

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On the latent structure of problem gambling: a taxometric analysis

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.12648 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 109 (10) ◽

pp. 1707-1717 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Richard J. E. James ◽

Claire O'Malley ◽

Richard J. Tunney

Keyword(s):

Problem Gambling ◽

Latent Structure ◽

Taxometric Analysis

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Combined Radar and Radiometer Analysis of Precipitation Profiles for a Parametric Retrieval Algorithm

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology ◽

10.1175/jtech1751.1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 909-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Hirohiko Masunaga ◽

Christian D. Kummerow

Keyword(s):

A Priori ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Retrieval Algorithm ◽

Brightness Temperatures ◽

Precipitation Measurement ◽

Microwave Imager ◽

Trmm Microwave Imager ◽

Global Precipitation

Abstract A methodology to analyze precipitation profiles using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and precipitation radar (PR) is proposed. Rainfall profiles are retrieved from PR measurements, defined as the best-fit solution selected from precalculated profiles by cloud-resolving models (CRMs), under explicitly defined assumptions of drop size distribution (DSD) and ice hydrometeor models. The PR path-integrated attenuation (PIA), where available, is further used to adjust DSD in a manner that is similar to the PR operational algorithm. Combined with the TMI-retrieved nonraining geophysical parameters, the three-dimensional structure of the geophysical parameters is obtained across the satellite-observed domains. Microwave brightness temperatures are then computed for a comparison with TMI observations to examine if the radar-retrieved rainfall is consistent in the radiometric measurement space. The inconsistency in microwave brightness temperatures is reduced by iterating the retrieval procedure with updated assumptions of the DSD and ice-density models. The proposed methodology is expected to refine the a priori rain profile database and error models for use by parametric passive microwave algorithms, aimed at the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, as well as a future TRMM algorithms.

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Assessing emphasis gaps among MBA alumni: a model framework

Journal of International Education in Business ◽

10.1108/jieb-07-2015-0018 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 31-51

Author(s):

Stuart Van Auken ◽

Earl Chrysler ◽

Ludmilla Gricenko Wells

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

A Priori ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Assessment Procedure ◽

Model Framework ◽

Mba Programs ◽

Content Type ◽

Program Delivery ◽

Mba Program ◽

One Year

Purpose This paper aims to focus on Master of Business Administration (MBA) alumni and their ability to provide institution-specific insights into MBA program delivery. Given desired MBA positioning dimensions, a case exemplar is used to reveal gaps between “should have” program emphases and “actual” emphases. Departures from expectations are used to reveal either under- or over-emphases which require repair. Design/methodology/approach The study develops a gap assessment procedure and the theory of gaps, and it presents insights into the prioritization of gaps for closing through the revelation of gap themes of varying magnitude. It also reveals the benefits and the limitations of emphasis-based gap assessments. Additionally, the study addresses the complexity of creating the dimensional structure for MBA program gap revelation. Findings This paper reports on the issues of framing dimensions, including the possibility of dimensional omissions, with a particular emphasis on the utilization of an emphasis-based gap model within an a priori identified structure. Practical implications The methodological approach provides a blueprint for additional program review, and it produces a strong structural base for MBA program positioning. It is also is particularly important in evaluating newly created one-year MBA programs. Originality/value The work reveals the potential for the revelation of both under- and over-emphases in MBA program delivery and the possible issue of sub-optimization in gap closing (i.e. the closing of one gap while opening another).

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A guided approach for subtomogram averaging of challenging macromolecular assemblies

10.1101/2020.02.01.930297 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Danielle Grotjahn ◽

Saikat Chowdhury ◽

Gabriel C. Lander

Keyword(s):

Electron Tomography ◽

A Priori ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Structural Heterogeneity ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Macromolecular Assemblies ◽

Cryo Electron Tomography ◽

Subtomogram Averaging

AbstractCryo-electron tomography is a powerful biophysical technique enabling three-dimensional visualization of complex biological systems. Macromolecular targets of interest identified within cryo-tomograms can be computationally extracted, aligned, and averaged to produce a better-resolved structure through a process called subtomogram averaging (STA). However, accurate alignment of macromolecular machines that exhibit extreme structural heterogeneity and conformational flexibility remains a significant challenge with conventional STA approaches. To expand the applicability of STA to a broader range of pleomorphic complexes, we developed a user-guided, focused refinement approach that can be incorporated into the standard STA workflow to facilitate the robust alignment of particularly challenging samples. We demonstrate that it is possible to align visually recognizable portions of multi-subunit complexes by providing a priori information regarding their relative orientations within cryo-tomograms, and describe how this strategy was applied to successfully elucidate the first three-dimensional structure of the dynein-dynactin motor protein complex bound to microtubules. Our approach expands the application of STA for solving a more diverse range of heterogeneous biological structures, and establishes a conceptual framework for the development of automated strategies to deconvolve the complexity of crowded cellular environments and improve in situ structure determination technologies.

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