scholarly journals Eye Movements Reveal the Influence of Event Structure on Reading Behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Swets ◽  
Christopher Anthony Kurby
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Event Structure ◽  
Discrete Events ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Reading Behavior ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Event Segmentation ◽  
Event Boundary

When we read narrative texts such as novels and newspaper articles, we segment information presented in such texts into discrete events, with distinct boundaries between those events. But do our eyes reflect this event structure while reading? This study examines whether eye movements during the reading of discourse reveal how readers respond online to event structure. Participants read narrative passages as we monitored their eye movements. Several measures revealed that event structure predicted eye movements. In two experiments, we found that both early and over- all reading times were longer for event boundaries. We also found that regressive saccades were more likely to land on event boundaries, but that readers were less likely to regress out of an event boundary. Experiment 2 also demonstrated that tracking event structure carries a working memory load. Eye movements provide a rich set of online data to test the cognitive reality of event segmentation during reading.

scholarly journals Eye Movements Reveal the Influence of Event Structure on Reading Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Swets ◽  
Christopher A. Kurby
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Event Structure ◽  
Reading Behavior

scholarly journals Neural temporal context reinstatement of event structure during memory recall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn J Lohnas ◽  
Karl Healey ◽  
Lila Davachi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Activity ◽  
Event Structure ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Retrieval Model ◽  
Discrete Events ◽  
Context Similarity ◽  
Event Boundary ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temporal Representations

Although life unfolds continuously, experiences are generally perceived and remembered as discrete events. Accumulating evidence suggests that event boundaries disrupt temporal representations and weaken memory associations. However, less is known about the consequences of event boundaries on temporal representations during retrieval, especially when temporal information is not tested explicitly. Using a neural measure of temporal context extracted from scalp electroencephalography, we found reduced temporal context similarity between studied items separated by an event boundary when compared to items from the same event. Further, while participants free recalled list items, neural activity reflected reinstatement of temporal context representations from study, including temporal disruption. A computational model of episodic memory, the Context Maintenance and Retrieval model (CMR; Polyn, Norman & Kahana, 2009), predicted these results, and made novel predictions regarding the influence of temporal disruption on recall order. These findings implicate the impact of event structure on memory organization via temporal representations.

scholarly journals Visual and verbal working memory loads interfere with scene viewing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Cronin ◽  
Candace Elise Peacock ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Scene Viewing

Working memory is thought to be divided into distinct visual and verbal subsystems. Studies of visual working memory frequently use verbal working memory tasks as control conditions and/or use articulatory suppression to ensure visual load remains in visual memory. Using these verbal tasks relies on the assumption that the verbal working memory load will not interfere with the same processes as visual working memory. In the present study, participants maintained a visual or verbal working memory load while simultaneously viewing scenes. Because eye movements and visual working memory are closely linked, we anticipated the visual load would interfere with scene viewing (and vice versa), while the verbal load would not. Surprisingly, both visual and verbal memory loads interfered with scene viewing behavior, while scene viewing did not significantly interfere with performance on either memory task. These results suggest that a verbal working memory load can interfere with a visual task and contribute to the growing literature suggesting the visual and verbal subsystems of working memory are less distinct than previously thought. Our data also stands at odds with previous work suggesting that visual working memory is obligatorily recruited by saccadic eye movements.

scholarly journals The effects of product images and working memory load on eye movements

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Léon Franzen ◽  
Corina Lacombe ◽  
Nathan Gagné ◽  
Onur Bodur ◽  
Bianca Grohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Working Memory Load
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