scholarly journals Organizational and Individual Safety Factors in Work on Chemical Tanker Vessels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Line Raknes Hjellvik ◽  
Randi Elisabeth Hope Aga ◽  
Bjørn Sætrevik
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Safety Attitude

Chemical tanker vessels are at risk for large-scale accidents due to the nature of their cargo and operating conditions, challenging environments as well as general maritime hazards. To counteract such hazards, the ship-owning company works on maintaining safety at the organizational level, and the captain instantiates safety regulations on the interpersonal level. The crew members are expected to maintain safety by having accurate situation awareness, and beneficial safety attitudes and behaviour. We pre-registered an analysis to test for associations between safety variables in a survey for chemical tanker vessel crews. A structural equation model revealed that the ship-owning company’s safety climate and the captain’s leadership style were associated with the vessel’s safety climate. Further, the vessel’s safety climate was associated with individual safety attitude, situation awareness and adherence to safety management systems. Safety attitude had a central role in the model and was associated with situation awareness, reporting attitude, safe behaviour and adherence to safety management systems. The results imply that it may be beneficial to monitor and improve safety attitudes among crew on chemical tanker vessels and in similar work-environments.

The role of the safety climate in the successful implementation of safety management systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ng Khean Kim ◽  
Noor Fareen Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohammad Iranmanesh ◽  
Behzad Foroughi
Keyword(s):  
Safety Climate ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Safety Management Systems

Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Wäfler ◽  
Rahel Gugerli ◽  
Giulio Nisoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Safety Science ◽  
Human Failure ◽  
The Given ◽  
Freedom Of Action

We all aim for safe processes. However, providing safety is a complex endeavour. What is it that makes a process safe? And what is the contribution of humans? It is very common to consider humans a risk factor prone to errors. Therefore, we implement sophisticated safety management systems (SMS) in order to prevent potential "human failure". These SMS provide an impressive increase of safety. In safety science this approach is labelled "Safety-I", and it starts to be questioned because humans do not show failures only. On the contrary, they often actively contribute to safety, sometimes even by deviating from a procedure. This "Safety-II" perspective considers humans to be a "safety factor" as well because of their ability to adjust behaviour to the given situation. However, adaptability requires scope of action and this is where Safety-I and Safety-II contradict each other. While the former restricts freedom of action, the latter requires room for manoeuvring. Thus, the task of integrating the Safety-II perspective into SMS, which are traditionally Safety-I based, is difficult. This challenge was the main objective of our project. We discovered two methods that contribute to the quality of SMS by integrating Safety-II into SMS without jeopardizing the Safety-I approach.

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