Impact of Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour in Construction Projects: Mediating Mechanism and Interacting Effect

This study aimed to investigate the impact of safety climate on safety behaviour with the mediating role of safety attitude and mediating role of safety-specific transformational leadership. Data were collected from 294 respondents from different construction projects in Pakistan. The study employed an analytical descriptive approach as its research methodology. The results revealed that safety climate exhibits a significant positive correlation with safety behaviour in projects, as well as with safety attitude. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that safety attitude and safety-specific transformational leadership do not mediate the relationship between safety climate and safety behaviour in projects. In this study, the implications for the project managers and employees as well as future research directions are discussed.

Exploring construction workers' attitudinal ambivalence: a system dynamics approach

PurposeThis study aimed to identify driving factors of safety attitudinal ambivalence (AA) and explore their influence. Construction workers' intention to act safely can be instable under conflicting information from safety management, co-workers and habitual unsafe behaviour. Existing research explained the mechanism of unsafe behaviours as individual decisions but failed to include AA, as the co-existence of both positive and negative attitude.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied system dynamics to explore factors of construction workers' AA and simulate the process of mitigating the ambivalence for less safety behaviour. Specifically, the group model building approach with eight experts was used to map the causal loop diagram and field questionnaire of 209 construction workers were used to collect empirical data for initiating parameters.FindingsThe group model building identified five direct factors of AA, namely the organisational safety support, important others' safety attitude, emotional arousal, safety production experience and work pressure, with seven feedback paths. The questionnaire survey obtained the initial values of the factors in the SD model, with the average ambivalence at 0.389. The ambivalence between cognitive and affective safety attitude was the highest. Model simulation results indicated that safety experience and work pressure had the most significant effects, and safety experience and positive attitude of co-workers could compensate the pressure from tight schedule and budget.Originality/valueThis study provided a new perspective of the dynamic safety attitude under the co-existence of positive and negative attitude, identified its driving factors and their influencing paths. The group model building approach and field questionnaire surveys were used to provide convincible suggestions for empirical safety management with least and most effective approaches and possible interventions to prevent unsafe behaviour with tight schedule and budget.

Relationships among Perceived Control, Safety Attitude, and Safety Performance: A Case Study on Wastewater Treatment Plant Workers

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an indispensable part of the infrastructure of modern cities. However, because of the existence of many confined working spaces in them, they also pose significant risks of occupational hazards for workers. Therefore, this study was conducted on WWTP workers in Kaohsiung, Taiwan to explore the connections among the perceived control, safety attitude, and safety performance of WWTP workers. In total, 123 valid questionnaires were returned for descriptive statistical analysis, variance analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. According to the analysis results, the WWTP workers in this study indicated a mid to high level of perceived control, and they generally believed they were also responsible for industrial safety management. The variance analysis results showed that workers of a different gender, age, service unit, and seniority had significantly different safety attitudes. The hierarchical regression analysis results indicated that the perceived control of the WWTP workers had a significant influence on their safety performance through their safety attitude, which served as a mediator between perceived control and safety performance. It is hoped that these findings can provide references for WWTP managers and workers in their daily communication, operation, and safety management system introduction to ensure better safety.

The relationship between nurse-nurse collaboration and patient safety: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the relationship between nurse-nurse collaboration and patient safety attitudes in inpatient care. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. In the study, the sample universe was determined by the known sampling method and a total of 160 nurses working in inpatient clinics of a public hospital between January-March 28, 2020 were included in the study. The data were collected using the “Personal Information Form”, “Nurse-Nurse Collaboration Scale” and “Patient Safety Attitude Questionnaire”. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean scores of the nurse-nurse collaboration (78.55 ± 8.86) and patient safety attitude (162.68 ± 20.59) found to high level. It was revealed that the nurses’ higher level of collaboration with increasing work experience. Patient safety attitudes, job satisfaction, safety climate and perceptions of management of the manager nurses were higher than those of clinical nurses. Nurse-nurse collaboration has a statistically significant effect on patient safety attitude of nurses. The results show that %24 of the change in patient safety attitude in nurses could be explained by nurse-nurse collaboration. Conclusions: It was determined that, the nurse-nurse collaboration was significantly associated with patient safety attitudes. Our findings provided new evidence that it could be argued that, as the level from nurse-nurse collaboration increase, the level on patient safety attitude of nurses will increase. This study proposes that improving nurse-nurse collaboration should be regarded as a significant strategy that would increase patient safety. Key Words: collaboration, hospital, inpatient, patient safety, nursing

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the patient safety attitude of medical students

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differences in scores of the Attitude to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ) by medical students before and after the outbreak of COVID-19.Methods: In total, 97 and 118 medical students completed patient safety courses at Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine in 2019 and 2020, respectively. In 2019, the course was conducted using traditional learning in the classroom, whereas, in 2020, most of the classes were conducted using non-face-to-face learning methods.Results: In 2019 and 2020, 49 and 53 students responded to the APSQ. Only one item “Patients are not really aware of how safe their care is” had a lower score in 2020 than in 2019.Conclusion: Although the total APSQ score did not differ between 2019 and 2020, the students in 2020 might have a poor understanding of the role of patients in medical errors.

Impact of Perceived Stress Safety Attitude and Flight Experience on Hazardous Event Involvement of Aviators

The pilots’ attitude and its influence on flying performance have an imperative bearing on flight safety. Recent studies suggest that attitude and stress correlate with flying performance and could be one of the many factors, which contribute to accidents or incidents. The objective of the current research was to study the relationship between aviation safety attitude, flight experience, perceived stress, and hazardous event involvement among aviators. The study also investigated whether aviation safety attitude, perceived stress, and flying experience predict the hazardous event involvement of aviators or not. It was hypothesised that less flying experience, perceived stress, and aviation safety attitude will predict the hazardous event involvement of aviators. The data was collected from 360 aviators by using the aviation safety attitude scale, hazardous event scale, and perceived stress scale. Correlation and regression analysis were used for analysing the obtained data. The findings of the study indicated that flight experience and safety attitude are significantly negatively correlated with hazardous event involvement and perceived stress is significantly positively associated with hazardous event involvement. In addition to this, aviation safety attitude, perceived stress, and flying experience were found to be strong predictors of hazardous event involvement. The findings of the study will help in building effective training programs as accidents can be prevented by improved pilot training involving perceived stress and attitude identification and management.