(Part of) The Case for a Pragmatic Approach to Validity: Comment on De Houwer, Teige-Mocigemba, Spruyt, and Moors (2009)

Association Test ◽

Affective Priming ◽

Implicit Association ◽

Pragmatic Approach ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Scientific Advancement

In their review of validity of Implicit Association Test and affective priming, De Houwer, Teige-Mocigemba, Spruyt, and Moors (2009) identified validity with establishment of “basic theoretical understanding” of the measures. We agree that theoretical understanding has an important role in making measures more valid and useful. Nevertheless, we conclude that scientific advancement will more often be well served by prioritizing pragmatic goals of establishing the measures’ predictive validity and their adequate sensitivity to individual differences.

Assessing Individual Differences in Achievement Motivation with the Implicit Association Test: Predictive Validity of a Chronometric Measure of the Self-Concept “Me = Successful”

Implicit Motives ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335156.003.0006 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 151-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joachim C. Brunstein ◽

Clemens H. Schmitt

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Achievement Motivation ◽

Association Test ◽

The Self ◽

Self Concept ◽

Supplemental Material for Understanding and Using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-Analysis of Predictive Validity

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ◽

10.1037/a0015575.supp ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Predictive Validity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Association Test ◽

Does design matter? On the predictive validity of a block vs. a single-block designed Implicit Association Test (IAT)

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e676392012-038 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Monika Fleischhauer ◽

Soren Enge ◽

Kathrin Rosenzweig ◽

Alexander Strobel ◽

Anja Strobel

Keyword(s):

Predictive Validity ◽

Association Test ◽

Implicit Association ◽

Single Block

Multitrait Multimethod validation of Implicit Association Test as a measure of individual differences in personality: is there personality at all?

Journal of Research in Personality ◽

10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104124 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104124

Author(s):

Ljiljana B. Lazarević ◽

Jovana Bjekić ◽

Goran Knežević

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Association Test ◽

Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ◽

10.1037/a0015575 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 17-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1361

Author(s):

Anthony G. Greenwald ◽

T. Andrew Poehlman ◽

Eric Luis Uhlmann ◽

Mahzarin R. Banaji

Keyword(s):

Predictive Validity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Association Test ◽

Measure What You are Trying to Predict: Applying the Correspondence Principle to the Implicit Association Test

10.31234/osf.io/4kcef ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Louis H. Irving ◽

Colin Smith

Keyword(s):

Predictive Validity ◽

Correspondence Principle ◽

Association Test ◽

Future Research ◽

Implicit Association ◽

Implicit Measures ◽

Total N ◽

Single Target ◽

Explicit Measures

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is nearly synonymous with the implicit attitude construct. At the same time, correlations between the IAT and criterion measures are often remarkably low. Developed within research using explicit measures of attitudes, the correspondence principle posits that measures should better predict criteria when there is a match in terms of the level of generality or specificity at which both are conceptualized (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1977). As such, weak implicit-criterion correlations are to be expected when broad general implicit measures are used to predict highly specific criteria. Research using explicit measures of attitudes consistently supports the correspondence principle, but conceptual correspondence is rarely considered by researchers using implicit measures to predict behavior and other relevant criterion measures. In five experiments (total N = 4650), we provide the first direct evidence demonstrating the relevance of the correspondence principle to the predictive validity of the IAT and Single Target IAT. That said, it is not the case that the IAT always predicts criteria better when correspondence is high. Inconsistency across the pattern of results suggests there is much more that remains to be understood about the relevance of the correspondence principle to the implicit-criterion relationship. Taken together, however, our findings suggest that conceptual correspondence typically increases (and never decreases) the magnitude of implicit-behavior and implicit-explicit relationships. We provide a framework for future research necessary to establish when correspondence is more likely to increase the predictive validity of measures such as the IAT.