Comparative Field Performance of Plants Developing from Normal and Abnormal Seedlings of Peanuts1

G. A. Sullivan; A. Perry

doi:10.3146/i0095-3679-3-1-7

Comparative Field Performance of Plants Developing from Normal and Abnormal Seedlings of Peanuts1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-3-1-7 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

G. A. Sullivan ◽

A. Perry

Keyword(s):

Field Performance ◽

Root Systems

Abstract The percentage of abnormal peanut seedlings was determined in 18 field plantings during 1973–74. Characteristics of mature plants that developed from normal and abnormal seedlings were compared. Seedlings that emerged 7–10 days later than the field average were identified as abnormal. Plants that developed from abnormal seedlings produced, on the average, less than one-half of the yield of plants that developed from normal seedlings. Pod yields of the plants that developed from abnormal seedlings varied from zero to normal. SMK percentages were significantly different at six of the 15 locations that were measured. Approximately 95 percent of the plants that developed from abnormal seedlings had abnormal root systems. The most common abnormalities were twisted hypocotyls and/or missing taproots. Abnormal seedlings commonly result from seeds subjected to mechanical impacts during harvesting and processing.

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Field evaluation of tissue-cultured papaw clones in Queensland

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9930475 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 475 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

RA Drew ◽

JN Vogler

Keyword(s):

Field Performance ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Root Systems ◽

Planting Date ◽

Adult Tissue ◽

Node Number ◽

Juvenile Phase ◽

Commercial Practice ◽

Lower Height ◽

Reduced Time

Field performance of tissue-cultured clones of papaws established either from adult tissue of a high-yielding female plant or from juvenile tissue of seedlings (2 females and 2 hermaphrodites) was compared with seedling controls. All tissue-cultured plants had strong root systems and established more quickly than seedlings. Plants from adult tissue (TCA) had a reduced juvenile phase, as evidenced by increased circumference, lower height of first flower, reduced time to harvest, and higher fruit numbers per metre of stem. Planting date affected node number of first flower for TCA plants but not seedlings. TCA plants had higher yields than seedlings when planted in spring, and this could lead to improved commercial practice. Differences between clones established from juvenile tissue and their respective seedling controls varied and were not consistent with a reduced juvenile phase. Four dwarf off-type plants (<1% of population) originated from a single bud explant.

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Container and root treatments affect growth and root form of planted ponderosa pine

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x78-036 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 232-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Peyton W. Owston ◽

K. W. Seidel

Keyword(s):

Ponderosa Pine ◽

Field Performance ◽

Root Systems ◽

Average Height ◽

Container Seedlings ◽

Bare Root ◽

One Year

Field performance and root form of container-grown Pinnsponderosa Laws. seedlings were studied after application of three treatments and compared with untreated bare-root seedlings. One-year-old seedlings grown in 1.9-ℓ milk carton containers were treated by (1) removing the bottom of the container, (2) removing the whole container, and (3) removing the whole container and cutting spiralled roots off at the bottom of the surface of the root ball. Survival was excellent for trees of all treatments. Bare-root seedlings grew most in height the first season, but after 5 years, the average height of container seedlings was greater than for bare-root trees. Seedlings with container removed and roots cut were tallest and had root systems that appeared sturdiest. Most of these had well developed taproots and good outward growth of laterals with little spiralling. Aborted or kinked taproots and spiralled laterals were often found where only the bottom of the container had been removed.

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Field performance of black spruce and jack pine inoculated with selected species of ectomycorrhizal fungi

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x92-257 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 1974-1982 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mark H.R. Browning ◽

Roy D. Whitney

Keyword(s):

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Field Performance ◽

Root Systems ◽

Jack Pine ◽

Height Growth ◽

Initial Size ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Foliar Concentrations

Seedlings of black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) were inoculated with fragmented hyphae of one of five species of ectomycorrhizal fungi and outplanted on reforestation sites after 14 weeks of growth in the nursery. Black spruce were planted on a peatland site and a stony loam site; jack pine were planted on the same stony loam site and on a sandy site. Inoculation of both species with Laccariaproximo (Boud.) Maire resulted in significantly better shoot growth compared with uninoculated seedlings over a 2-year period on all sites. Hebelomacylindrosporum Romagn. improved the height growth of black spruce on the peatland site and of jack pine on the stony loam site after 2 years. Laccariabicolor (Maire) Orton also improved the height growth of jack pine on the stony loam after 2 years. Black spruce inoculated with L. bicolor were significantly smaller than uninoculated seedlings. Size differences present in black spruce at outplanting persisted for two growing seasons, whereas initial size did not predict the field performance of jack pine. Inoculation of black spruce with L. proxima resulted in higher foliar concentrations of K and Zn compared with uninoculated seedlings on the peatland site. Foliar concentrations of N, P, K, and Zn in jack pine inoculated with L. proxima were significantly higher than those of uninoculated seedlings at the stony loam site. All inoculated fungi (except Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, which did not form mycorrhizae) remained on the root systems for two growing seasons, but their presence declined sharply in the 2nd year. Laccariabicolor was the most persistent mycobiont on root systems of both tree species. Colonization of black spruce by indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi was faster on the stony loam site than on the peatland site. The diversity of wild ectomycorrhizae on the planted seedlings was higher on both the peatland and sand sites than on the stony loam site.

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Tissue-culture shoot and root system effects on field performance of loblolly pine

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x92-007 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 56-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A.B. Anderson ◽

L.J. Frampton Jr. ◽

S.E. McKeand ◽

J.F. Hodges

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Root System ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Field Performance ◽

Root Systems ◽

Height Growth ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Growth Loss ◽

Tissue Culture Plantlets

To study differences in growth between loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) tissue-culture plantlets and seedlings, shoot systems of plantlets and seedlings were grafted onto plantlet and seedling root systems. After three growing seasons, plantlet root systems accounted for 0.3 m of height growth loss and 1.0 cm of loss in basal diameter, while plantlet shoot systems accounted for 0.6 m of height growth loss and 1.4 cm of loss in basal diameter. The mature-appearing morphology of plantlet shoots was due to the shoot system of plantlets and not to the indirect effect of the plantlet root system.

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