Container and root treatments affect growth and root form of planted ponderosa pine

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton W. Owston ◽  
K. W. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
One Year

Field performance and root form of container-grown Pinnsponderosa Laws. seedlings were studied after application of three treatments and compared with untreated bare-root seedlings. One-year-old seedlings grown in 1.9-ℓ milk carton containers were treated by (1) removing the bottom of the container, (2) removing the whole container, and (3) removing the whole container and cutting spiralled roots off at the bottom of the surface of the root ball. Survival was excellent for trees of all treatments. Bare-root seedlings grew most in height the first season, but after 5 years, the average height of container seedlings was greater than for bare-root trees. Seedlings with container removed and roots cut were tallest and had root systems that appeared sturdiest. Most of these had well developed taproots and good outward growth of laterals with little spiralling. Aborted or kinked taproots and spiralled laterals were often found where only the bottom of the container had been removed.

scholarly journals Growth of bare root Pinus taeda, L. seedlings cultivated under five densities in nursery

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
José Geraldo de Araújo Carneiro ◽  
Deborah Guerra Barroso ◽  
Luis Maurício da Silva Soares
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root Collar Diameter ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Seedlings compete for nutrients, water and light. The available area for each seedling affects their behavior related to requirements for these resources. This experiment evaluated the influence of five plant densities on the growth of bare root Pinus taeda, L. seedlings in a nursery after outplanting. The analyzed characteristics were: height (H), root collar diameter (D), H/D ratio, and dry matter weight. Higher densities stimulated H growth and the lowest densities increased D average and dry matter weight and lowered the H/D ratio. Seedlings were distributed by H, D and H/D classes. Higher densities had a larger number of seedlings in larger H classes. Larger numbers of seedlings with larger D and lower H/D ratios were found in lower densities. Ten months after outplanting the seedlings grown in lower densities had higher survival percentages and growth. Some saplings of standardized heights were uprooted with the objective of studying their root systems. The lowest densities stimulated higher numbers of first and second order roots as well as fresh and dry matter weights of thin roots with mycorrhizae presence. In both parts of the experiment, the density of 278 seedlings m-2 yielded equivalent averages as compared to the lowest densities.

Planting stock type and seasonality of simulated browsing affect regeneration establishment of Quercus rubra

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 732-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip O. Woolery ◽  
Douglass F. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Stock Type ◽  
Stock Types ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Simulated Browsing

Animal herbivory is a major limiting factor to successful oak (Quercus spp.) regeneration. Although bare-root seedlings are the most commonly used nursery stock type for oak plantings in the eastern United States, container seedlings may better resist planting stress and help enable seedlings to overcome browsing pressure. Four stock types (1 + 0 bare-root seedlings and seedlings in 164, 336, and 520 mL containers) of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) were planted on two reforestation sites in Indiana, USA, which were fenced to exclude white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman). Seedlings were then subjected to three simulated browsing treatments (control unclipped, dormant clipped, and summer clipped). Container seedlings exhibited higher relative growth rates on both sites; for example, at one site, control seedlings in 336 mL containers had relative height growth of 558% compared with 79% for bare-root control seedlings. On both sites, summer-browsed seedlings of all stock types had negligible height growth, and summer browsing reduced survival at one site by 23% for all stock types compared with control seedlings. Browsing of seedlings during the dormant period did not affect growth for any stock type. Container seedlings may help facilitate rapid establishment of planted oak seedlings, but browse protection is necessary to ensure oak regeneration success in areas of large populations of deer.

Field evaluation of tissue-cultured papaw clones in Queensland

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Drew ◽  
JN Vogler
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Adult Tissue ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Juvenile Phase ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Lower Height ◽  
Reduced Time

Field performance of tissue-cultured clones of papaws established either from adult tissue of a high-yielding female plant or from juvenile tissue of seedlings (2 females and 2 hermaphrodites) was compared with seedling controls. All tissue-cultured plants had strong root systems and established more quickly than seedlings. Plants from adult tissue (TCA) had a reduced juvenile phase, as evidenced by increased circumference, lower height of first flower, reduced time to harvest, and higher fruit numbers per metre of stem. Planting date affected node number of first flower for TCA plants but not seedlings. TCA plants had higher yields than seedlings when planted in spring, and this could lead to improved commercial practice. Differences between clones established from juvenile tissue and their respective seedling controls varied and were not consistent with a reduced juvenile phase. Four dwarf off-type plants (<1% of population) originated from a single bud explant.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Sizes of Tree Shelters on Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii) Growth

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. McCreary ◽  
Jerry Tecklin
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Quercus Douglasii ◽  
Tree Shelters ◽  
Blue Oak ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stock Types ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Tree shelters have been used effectively in many locations to establish a wide range of tree species including oaks. However, their efficacy in Mediterranean climates like the hardwood rangelands of California has not been thoroughly tested. This study evaluated the field performance of blue oak (Quercus douglasii)—a species that is reported to be regenerating poorly in many locations in the state—protected by several sizes of tree shelters and compared response of directly sown acorns to that of 4-month-old transplants. After five growing seasons, seedlings in all sizes of tree shelters are larger than their unprotected counterparts. Tree shelters have been especially effective in promoting rapid height growth. However, regardless of tree shelter size, when seedlings grew above the tops of the shelters, average height growth diminished and diameter growth increased. Differences among stock types were relatively small, although transplants tended to perform better than directly sown acorns. These results suggest that tree shelters can greatly reduce the time required by seedlings to grow to a size where they are less vulnerable to browsing. As such, they appear to be a promising tool in efforts to regenerate blue oak in California. West. J. Appl. For. 16(4):153-158.

scholarly journals Comparative Field Performance of Plants Developing from Normal and Abnormal Seedlings of Peanuts1

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
G. A. Sullivan ◽  
A. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Root Systems

Abstract The percentage of abnormal peanut seedlings was determined in 18 field plantings during 1973–74. Characteristics of mature plants that developed from normal and abnormal seedlings were compared. Seedlings that emerged 7–10 days later than the field average were identified as abnormal. Plants that developed from abnormal seedlings produced, on the average, less than one-half of the yield of plants that developed from normal seedlings. Pod yields of the plants that developed from abnormal seedlings varied from zero to normal. SMK percentages were significantly different at six of the 15 locations that were measured. Approximately 95 percent of the plants that developed from abnormal seedlings had abnormal root systems. The most common abnormalities were twisted hypocotyls and/or missing taproots. Abnormal seedlings commonly result from seeds subjected to mechanical impacts during harvesting and processing.

Effects of plug plants and bare-root plants on strawberry field performance, fruit quality traits and health-promoting compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Carine Cocco ◽  
Walther Faedi ◽  
Sabina Magnani ◽  
Maria Luigia Maltoni ◽  
Fiorella Stagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Bare Root

scholarly journals USING BARE-ROOT AND ROOTSTOCK SEEDLINGS FROM NATURAL REGENERATION OF CEDRELA FISSILIS

CERNE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Thomas Schroder ◽  
Anna Paula Lora Zimmermann ◽  
Lílian Daniel Pereira ◽  
Noé dos Santos Ananias Hofiço ◽  
Dilson Sousa Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Probability ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cheap Alternative ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT The success of forest creation relies on seedling availability and quality. The aim of this research is to assess the possible use of rootstock and bare-root seedlings of Cedrela fissilis obtained from natural regeneration for direct field planting. We used Generalized Linear models to assess survival and Hierarchical Models to assess height growth over one year after planting. Initial root-collar diameter (RCD) and treatment (rootstock or bare-root) affected survival and growth. Rootstock and larger seedlings presented higher levels of survival and growth. Higher seedling quality in the rootstock treatment is due to higher water stress tolerance. Rootstock seedlings with more than 1 cm of initial RCD had over 80% of survival probability, while small bare-root seedlings had mean survival probability as low as 20%. Rootstock seedlings grew as much as fourfold more than bare-root. Using natural regeneration of C. fissilis as a source of rootstock seedlings may be a cheap alternative for forest restoration and enrichment planting projects.

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