scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Children Diagnosed with LowGrade (I-III) Vesicoureteral Reflux

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anoush Azarfar ◽  
Yalda Ravanshad ◽  
Mohadese Golsorkhi ◽  
Anoush Azarfar ◽  
Azam Ghezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux

Objective: The benefit of continuing and low-dose antibiotic therapy in urinary tract infection (UTI) prevention and renal injury for children diagnosed with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is not obvious. Materials and Methods: Patients aged between 2 to 71 months with VUR grade I–III with UTI proved microbiologically were randomly classified into two groups to receive either antibiotic prophylaxis (50 mg/kg cephalexin) daily or nothing at all for one year. The main outcome was symptomatic UTI confirmed by lab tests. Results: A total of 60 children diagnosed with VUR grade I through III were enrolled in this study; At least five (17%) symptomatic UTI reported in 29 patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis and four (12%) in 31 patients receiving no antibiotics at all. Results revealed that continuing and low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis does not significantly reduce the risk of symptomatic UTI in children with mild to moderate VUR. Conclusion: The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing recurrent infections and kidney scar formation in children with VUR grade I-III is not supported by this study.

scholarly journals Microbial Resistance Caused by Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Amoxicillin in a Male Infant with Vesicoureteral Reflux

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Kazuto Taniguchi ◽  
Sakumo Kii ◽  
Masafumi Oka ◽  
Kazuyasu Uemichi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Spontaneous Remission ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Microbial Resistance

Vesicoureteral reflux is a common condition in infants with urinary tract infection. Although antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrent urinary tract infection is widely performed, its effectiveness remains controversial. Herein we report a seven- month-old boy with vesicoureteral reflux. Antibiotic prophylaxis with amoxicillin caused microbial resistance accompanied by recurrent urinary tract infection. Subsequent antibiotic prophylaxis with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was effective until spontaneous remission of vesicoureteral reflux occurred. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, but not amoxicillin, should be considered as an agent for antibiotic prophylaxis in infants with vesicoureteral reflux.

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