scholarly journals On the question of unification of encryption of the state of water pools in space probing

Author(s):  
D. Voityshynа ◽  

Introduction .With a significant number of water bodies in Ukraine (only 2,000 small rivers), the descriptive characteristics of the ecological situation occupy a significant amount, which requires unification and encryption. Dr.Ph. Klymenko M.O, Dr. Ph. Gryb J.V. made the unification of research materials by blocks: type of basin-morphometric of the catchment surface, floodplains and riverbeds - quality of the aquatic environment - production characteristics - socio-demographic - block of economic analysis of profitability in river basins and cluster costs analysis of the state of the components of the ecosystem and assessment of the basin as a whole. The study of individual elements of the water basin (composition and quality of the aquatic environment, the state of the catchment surface, ichthyofauna, forage base of aboriginal ichthyofauna, the impact of economic activity) provides some information. There is a significant array of surface water monitoring data (hydrochemistry, ecology, hydrobiology, ichthyology, etc.), attributed to the middle and end of the twentieth century. Here it should be noted the works of Kononenko G.D., Gryb J.V., Alekseevsky V.E, Baranovsky V.A, Klymenko M.O, Tsvetova O.V, Sondaka V.V, Chernyavskaya A. P., Zhukinsky V.N and others. They established the regional features of the chemical regime of surface waters, developed a methodology for assessing the quality of surface waters and the state of transformation of the catchment surface, the peculiarities of the formation of crisis situations. Dr.Ph. Gryb J.V. researches of a chemical mode of surface waters on phases of a hydrological mode for the period from 1970 to 2000 are carried out. Kononenko G.D. conducted mapping of the territory of Ukraine by the main ions of the mineral composition of water. The State Institute of Eastern and Northern Europe (Germany) together with the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on the basis of applied research of Ukrainian scientists: Rudenko L.G., Chernyavska A.P., Gryb J.V. with the participation of scientists G. Friedline, G.A. Vernichenko, T.P .Balashova, I.P. Semenova conducted a study of the state of rivers in Ukraine and drew up a map of water quality and suitability for use (1995). A map of soils of Ukraine, stock-forming and underlying rocks was also issued. Purpose . Among the important scientific results of the study is the need for unification and unification of river basins. Methodology According to the EU framework directive, the river basin and its elements are accepted as a unit of spatial research of water bodies: channel, floodplain, accessory network (number of intermediate ecotones). These include the following elements of the basin: first-order currents, second-order tributaries, floodplain. Old villages, floodplain lakes, swamps, meadows, springs, as well as subsystems of the catchment area: forest, water mirror, plowed and barren lands, urban areas and infrastructure. Assessment of the condition is carried out on three levels: good, satisfactory, bad. Collectively, the water basin is accepted as a biome that shapes the quality of surface waters, their productivity, diversity of flora and fauna. The hydrographic network itself forms the landscape and connects its elements through hydro-ecological corridors - river systems. The following mathematical dependences are used in the creation of the bio-skeleton framework of the water basin, with the increase of the values of the characteristics the value of the golden root r1 is 1.68 with the decrease of r2 - 0.68. In the pentosystem series of characteristics (classes) the numbers of phyto-swings for biological processes 1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55 are used. Results. An example of encryption of field research materials of the Lviv River (a tributary of the first order of the Pryt River) is presented in formula (1) АП; R1; Z3; Z42; E1; L; Ie; b5 5; R3; Ke5; St 3,0. (1) Plain part of Ukraine, Western Polissya region, Dnieper river basin, main canal, regulated, one intermediate Eco tone (channel reservoir), water is weakly mineralized, channel is straight , water quality class one, fish productivity is weak, the state of the basin is over drying, stability is low (low water, segmentation of the channel by locks, protective sand from unaligned slopes of the shore). Similarly, other blocks can be coded. In the perspective owe will obtain the results of the correlation with the conclusions of other scientists, in particular Klymenko M.O., Gryba J.V. and others. Thanks to encrypting the data by blocks of pool structure, we can unify the methods of research, facilitating the work of researchers and students. Conclusions 1. The economic and ecological framework of the water basin is one of the leading blocks for assessing the ecological situation. And the main indicator is the ecological and economic potential of the territory and the cost of the basin. 2. To assess the transformation of the state of the basin, reference values of the state of the enterprise are needed. 3. In assessing the situation, the final block is the economy and demographic situation - the cost of living and its duration.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (66) ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
V Kozak ◽  
◽  
A Tovmachenko ◽  
M Gertsiuk ◽  
◽  
...  

The main sources of chemical pollution of surface water bodies of Ukraine are shown and it is noted that the ecosystem of the environment and water resources, being under constant man-caused load, tend to steadily deteriorate the ecological condition. Methods for assessing the quality of surface waters using the maximum allowable concentrations of harmful substances in water and a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of surface water by integrated hydrochemical parameters are described. International approaches to the assessment of the state of surface water bodies are considered. It is noted that the most complete information on the state of the aquatic ecosystem can be obtained using a set of physicochemical and biological parameters. There are shortcomings in the monitoring of organic micro-pollutants in surface waters. The analysis of the international experience of determination of water quality and parameters of toxicological action of organic micro-pollutants with application of chemo-informative methods for modeling of an ecological condition of water systems is carried out.


2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Mustafic ◽  
Predrag Manojlovic ◽  
Miroljub Milincic

The drainage basin is spatially and functionally clearly defined and relevant hydrologic, geomorphologic and ecologic landscape totality. Therefore, it mostly represents basic geo-spatial unit of generation, monitoring, and studying numerous physical-geographical and geo-ecologic occurrences and processes. One of the most important components of geo-space, on the level of basin, is manifested through the state and quality of surface waters. So, the acceptance of systematic approach in studying mineralization of the surface waters would contribute to the deeper understanding of the process in complex systematic surroundings which drainage basin represents. The Visocica Drainage Basin was chosen as proving ground of this kind of the research approach for several reasons. The highest specific runoff on the territory of Eastern Serbia, heterogeneous geologic structure of terrain, almost complete absence of the influence of the anthropogenic factor on the state of the environment, as well as the existence of water accumulation enabled perception of the values of dissolved mineral substances of surface waters as landscape-ecologic component of geo-space.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Павел Алексеевич Лапин ◽  
Сергей Александрович Копылов ◽  
Дмитрий Васильевич Елисеев

В статье анализируется состояние водного фонда в области и обеспеченность жителей региона водой. Рассматриваются основные проблемы неудовлетворительного качества воды в районах области и в г. Орле. Предлагается комплекс мероприятий с целью повышение качества водоснабжения на территории Орловской области путём строительства пяти объектов водоснабжения. The article analyzes the state of the water fund in the region and the provision of water to the residents of the region. The main problems of unsatisfactory water quality in the districts of the region and in the city of Orel are considered. A set of measures is proposed to improve the quality of water supply in the territory of the Orel region through the construction of five water supply facilities.


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