scholarly journals Value of pituitary gland MRI at 7 T in Cushing’s disease and relationship to inferior petrosal sinus sampling: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Law ◽  
Regina Wang ◽  
Chia-Shang J. Liu ◽  
Mark S. Shiroishi ◽  
John D. Carmichael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Mass ◽  
Endoscopic Endonasal ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling ◽  
Pituitary Microadenoma ◽  
Pituitary Lesion

Cushing’s disease is caused by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)–secreting pituitary adenomas, which are often difficult to identify on standard 1.5-T or 3-T MRI, including dynamic contrast imaging. Inferior petrosal and cavernous sinus sampling remains the gold standard for MRI-negative Cushing’s disease.The authors report on a 27-year-old woman with Cushing’s disease in whom the results of standard 1.5-T and 3-T MRI, including 1.5-T dynamic contrast imaging, were negative. Inferior petrosal sinus sampling showed a high central-to-peripheral ACTH ratio (148:1) as well as a right-to-left ACTH gradient (19:1), suggesting a right-sided pituitary microadenoma. The patient underwent 7-T MRI, which showed evidence of a right-sided pituitary lesion with focal hypoenhancement not visualized on 1.5-T or 3-T MRI. The patient underwent an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal operation, with resection of a right-sided pituitary mass. Postoperatively, she developed clinical symptoms suggestive of adrenal insufficiency and a nadir cortisol level of 1.6 μg/dl on postoperative day 3, and hydrocortisone therapy was initiated. Permanent histopathology specimens showed Crooke’s hyaline change and ACTH-positive cells suggestive of an adenoma.MRI at 7 T may be beneficial in identifying pituitary microadenoma location in cases of standard 1.5-T and 3-T MRI-negative Cushing’s disease. In the future, 7-T MRI may preempt inferior petrosal sinus sampling and help in cases of standard and dynamic contrast 1.5-T and 3-T MRI-negative Cushing’s disease.

scholarly journals Lateralization of inferior petrosal sinus sampling in Cushing's disease correlates with cavernous sinus venous drainage patterns, but not tumor lateralization

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e05299
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghorbani ◽  
Hamideh Akbari ◽  
Christoph J. Griessenauer ◽  
Christoph Wipplinger ◽  
Alireza Dastmalchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling ◽  
Drainage Patterns

Multiple pituitary hormone gradients from inferior petrosal sinus sampling in Cushing's disease

1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Crock ◽  
Richard G. Pestell ◽  
Anthony J. Calenti ◽  
Eric J. Gilford ◽  
J. Keith Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract. Pre-operative bilateral simultaneous inferior petrosal sinus sampling with assessment of ACTH levels in the left and right sinuses and the periphery was performed in 9 patients with pituitary dependent Cushing's disease who were subsequently found at surgery to have basophil microadenomata. The novel observation of this study was the pattern of secretion of other pituitary hormones so that significant inter-sinus gradients ≥ 1.4:1 were seen for β-endorphin (2.8 ± 1.3, mean ± sem), PRL (4.2 ± 1.3) and GH (6.9 ± 2.4) as well as for ACTH (5.1 ± 1.1). There was no inter-sinus gradient for LH, FSH and TSH. In these 9 patients with adenomata, the correlations between the inter-sinus gradients for ACTH and β-endorphin were r = 0.95 (P <0.01), ACTH and PRL r = 0.90 (P < 0.01) and for ACTH and GH r = 0.89 (P <0.05). This close association between the gradients for ACTH and other anterior pituitary hormones could be due either to cosecretion of β-endorphin, PRL and GH by the ACTH-producing pituitary adenomata or to a paracrine effect of β-endorphin from the tumours on adjacent pituitary tissue. By reflecting the central pituitary hormone milieu, petrosal sinus sampling can give information about pituitary function unobtainable from peripheral hormone levels.

scholarly journals Cyclic Cushing's disease with misleading inferior petrosal sinus sampling results during a trough phase

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. E7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Bonert ◽  
Namrata Bose ◽  
John D. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling ◽  
Acth Secreting ◽  
Transsphenoidal Resection

Diagnosing Cushing's syndrome is challenging and is further hampered when investigations are performed in a patient with cyclic Cushing's syndrome. A subset of patients with Cushing's syndrome exhibit periods of abnormal cortisol secretion with interspersed normal secretion. Patients can have periods of clinical improvement during these quiescent phases or remain symptomatic. Initial diagnostic testing can be challenging because of the unpredictable durations of the peak and trough phases, and it is especially challenging when the diagnosis of cyclic Cushing's syndrome has not yet been determined. Here, the authors present the case of a patient with Cushing's disease with a pathology-proven adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)–secreting pituitary adenoma and whose initial inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) results were deemed indeterminate; further studies elucidated the diagnosis of cyclic Cushing's syndrome. Repeat IPSS was diagnostic of a central source for ACTH secretion, and the patient was treated successfully with transsphenoidal resection. Literature concerning the diagnosis and management of cyclic Cushing's syndrome is also reviewed.

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