Spinal cord compression due to prolapse of cervical intervertebral disc (herniation of nucleus pulposus)

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean A. O'Laoire ◽  
David G. T. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Prolapse ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Cervical

✓ Twenty-six patients who presented with spinal cord compression due to cervical disc prolapse (herniation of the nucleus pulposus) were treated by anterior discectomy. There was a high incidence of disc prolapse at the C3–4 level. The most severe degrees of preoperative disability were associated with prolapse at that level. Impairment of posterior column function, particularly in the upper limbs, played a major part in producing disability. High cervical disc prolapse can produce a clinical picture that is predominantly like that of a posterior cord syndrome. Preexisting fusion of vertebral bodies in the cervical spine and a history of cervical spinal trauma appear to be predisposing factors. Discectomy is an effective treatment of this condition. Spinal cord compression due to cervical disc prolapse should be distinguished from spondylotic myelopathy.

Segmental neurofibromatosis—induced spinal cord compression

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-238
Author(s):  
Natarajan Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neuralgic Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intercostal Neuralgia ◽  
The Right

✓ Spinal segmental neurofibromatosis (NF) is a rare entity. To date, patients in reported cases of segmental NF (or NF5) have harbored neurofibromas involving the peripheral nerves only. The author reports a rare case of segmental NF that caused spinal cord compression in a 40-year-old woman who presented with a 6-month history of intercostal neuralgia. Examination revealed mild lower-extremity weakness and dysesthesia in the right-sided T-9 dermatome. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed three neurofibromas involving the T-9 region, which were excised, and the patient's neuralgic pain was resolved postoperatively. Traditionally, it has been believed that segmental NF involved only the peripheral nerves. The present case illustrates that although rare, spinal cord compression can also occur in patients with segmental NF.

High cervical spinal cord compression by an enterogenous cyst

1979 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin C. A. Fabinyi ◽  
Judith E. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Enterogenous Cyst ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Cervical ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of enterogenous cyst causing compression of the spinal cord at C-1 is presented. The clinical course and radiological and histological findings are discussed.

Asymptomatic spherocytosis presenting with spinal cord compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Jalbert ◽  
Patrick Chaynes ◽  
Jacques Lagarrigue
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Chronic Anemia ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of

✓ Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory mechanism occurring in patients with chronic anemia, which occurs most frequently with thalassemia. The authors report the case of a 57-year-old man, with no history of clinical or hematological disease, presenting with spinal cord compression. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a homogeneous posterior epidural mass extending from T-3 to T-6. Following decompressive surgery, the patient's symptoms improved. Histological analysis showed features consistent with a diagnosis of EMH. Subsequent workup was remarkable for an asymptomatic spherocytosis without anemia. There was no family history of anemia. An EMH-related presentation of mild spherocytosis has been described in the literature, but its epidural location led to spinal cord compression. The MR imaging features were suggestive of EMH, but in the presence of spinal cord compression and in the absence of a history of chronic anemia, the authors did not believe that nonsurgical management would have been reasonable.

Paraspinal myxoma with spinal cord compression

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tahmouresie ◽  
Peter M. Farmer ◽  
Norman Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Paraspinal Muscle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A patient with thoracolumbar paraspinal muscle myxoma with spinal cord compression presented with a long history of back pain and recent paraparesis. Removal of the tumor and decompression of the spinal cord provided marked improvement of the weakness.

Spinal cord compression by extramedullary hemopoietic tissue in sickle cell anemia

1975 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel A. Ammoumi ◽  
Joanna H. Sher ◽  
Daniel Schmelka
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hemopoietic Tissue ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Mass Recovery

✓ The authors report a patient with sickle cell anemia who suffered from paraplegia of 18 months duration due to spinal cord compression by a hemopoietic mass. Recovery following removal of the mass was complete.

Spinal cord compression due to Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma

1995 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Porter ◽  
Andrew J. Martin ◽  
Conor L. Mallucci ◽  
Catherine N. Makunura ◽  
H. Ian Sabin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Vascular Lesion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors present the case of spinal cord compression in a 16-year-old boy due to the rare vascular lesion, Masson's vegetant hemangioendothelioma.

The therapeutic window for spinal cord decompression in a rat spinal cord injury model

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Shields ◽  
Y. Ping Zhang ◽  
Lisa B. E. Shields ◽  
Yingchun Han ◽  
Darlene A. Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Fine Print

Object. There are no clinically based guidelines to direct the spine surgeon as to the proper timing to undertake decompression after spinal cord injury (SCI) in patients with concomitant stenosis-induced cord compression. The following three factors affect the prognosis: 1) severity of SCI; 2) degree of extrinsic spinal cord compression; and 3) duration of spinal cord compression. Methods. To elucidate further the relationship between varying degrees of spinal stenosis and a mild contusion-induced SCI (6.25 g-cm), a rat SCI/stenosis model was developed in which 1.13- and 1.24-mm-thick spacers were placed at T-10 to create 38 and 43% spinal stenosis, respectively. Spinal cord damage was observed after the stenosis—SCI that was directly proportional to the duration of spinal cord compression. The therapeutic window prior to decompression was 6 and 12 hours in the 43 and 38% stenosis—SCI lesions, respectively, to maintain locomotor activity. A significant difference in total lesion volume was observed between the 2-hour and the delayed time(s) to decompression (38% stenosis—SCI, 12 and 24 hours, p < 0.05; 43% stenosis—SCI, 24 hours, p < 0.05) indicating a more favorable neurological outcome when earlier decompression is undertaken. This finding was further supported by the animal's ability to support weight when decompression was performed by 6 or 12 hours compared with 24 hours after SCI. Conclusions. Analysis of the findings in this study suggests that early decompression in the rat improves locomotor function. Prolongation of the time to decompression may result in irreversible damage that prevents locomotor recovery.

Cerebrospinal fluid lactate and electrolyte levels following experimental spinal cord injury

1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas K. Anderson ◽  
Leon D. Prockop ◽  
Eugene D. Means ◽  
Lawrence E. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Spinal Cord Compression ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Spinal Cord Tissue ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Csf Lactate

✓ Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), and chloride (Cl−) levels were determined for 17 to 21 days following experimental spinal cord compression in cats. Laminectomies were performed at L-2 under general anesthesia with aseptic techniques. Paraplegia was produced by applying a 170-gm weight transdurally for 5 minutes. Significant increases in CSF lactate levels were observed on the first through ninth days post injury with peak levels (50% above normal) occurring at Day 5. The only significant postinjury CSF electrolyte changes were elevation in Ca++ concentration on Days 3, 9, 11, 13, and 15, elevation in K+ concentration on Days 9 and 11 and decline in Cl− levels on the first day. The CSF K+ increase probably reflected cellular loss of K+ from damaged tissue whereas the Ca++ rise may have resulted from increased CSF protein levels. The prolonged elevation of CSF lactate indicates that tissue hypoxia plays a role in spinal cord compression paralysis, and that there is a continuing hypoxia of metabolically active spinal cord tissue for several days post injury.

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