scholarly journals Standortkartierung im Lehr- und Forschungswald der ETH in Sedrun | Site mapping in the ETH Research Forest of Sedrun

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Jacques Doutaz ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Frey ◽  
Harald Bugmann
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Site Mapping ◽  
A Site ◽  
Site Types

Phytosociology has advanced in various respects since the fundamental groundwork was laid, which was mainly concerned with developing a classification system of vegetation units. Current site classification methods for forests consider not only floristic aspects, but also pedological, topographic and structural characteristics of forest stands. During the summer of 2007, a site mapping was carried out in the ETH Research Forest near Sedrun (Switzerland). This paper describes the methods employed, and it evaluates the applicability thereof based on case studies. Site mapping is based on expert opinion, and as such it includes a certain degree of generalization and subjectivity in the evaluation of stands and their assignment to a site type. However, we propose that site classification constitutes a suitable tool for describing and characterizing the complexity of forest sites. The accurate description of site types strongly facilitates the interpretation and the applicability of a classification system in decision support for sustainable forest management.

An Example of Site Classification in the Southeastern Coastal Plain Based on Vegetation and Land Type¹

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Van Lear ◽  
S. M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
A Site ◽  
Hazard Rating

Abstract A site classification system based on vegetation and land type was developed for the Savannah River Plant (SRP) in the upper coastal plain of South Carolina. Different positions of the landscape support distinctive plant communities. Late successional plant communities and their immediate predecessors were identified on eight site types along a moisture gradient ranging from dry, sandy uplands to flooded bottoms. Late successional, near-stable plant communities, even in the highly disturbed forest ecosystems of the Southeast, act as integrators of environmental factors to reflectsite potential. Vegetation can supplement information on soils and topography in the delineation and classification of forest sites. Knowledge of site-vegetative relationships would be especially useful in making management decisions regarding wildlife habitat evaluation, hazard rating for insects, diseases, and fires, and estimating potential uses for recreation. Application of the system by practicing foresters is discussed. South. J. Appl. For. 11(1):23-28.

Topoedaphic unit analysis: A site classification system for reclaimed mined lands

CATENA ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Krabbenhoft ◽  
Don Kirby ◽  
Mario Biondini ◽  
Gary Halvorson ◽  
Dave Nilson
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
A Site ◽  
Unit Analysis

scholarly journals REGIONAL SITE RESEARCH

1960 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Hills
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
A Site ◽  
Forestry Practice ◽  
Site Types

Soil features, such as soil texture, mineral composition and soil moisture, and other features of land, such as topography, vary in their effect on forest growth depending upon regional climate. In Ontario, studies of land-forest relationships are conducted within the framework of site regions. Site regions are regions within which the effectivity of macroclimate is assumed to be relatively uniform since these regions are established through comparing the natural succession of vegetation on similar landforms, rather than by meteorological data. From the standpoint of forestry practice, the most pertinent feature of a site region is that it is an area in which similar responses may be expected from similar natural disturbances and forestry practices within similar combinations of landforms and forest types.Regional site research embraces, within each site region:(a) The establishment of landtypes and the description of the physiographic site types occurring within each landtype.(b) The description of the forest types coinciding with stages of succession within each physiographic site type.(c) The establishment of soil types coinciding with physiographic site types and major vegetation controls; also the establishment of variations in soil types resulting from differences in forest succession and forestry practice.(d) The evaluation of each physiographic site type for producing forest and other crops.Thus the aim of regional site research is (i) to describe the various physiographic conditions occurring in a site region so that foresters and land-use planners may recognize them, and (ii) to provide information regarding forest distribution, forest succession and the capability of these physiographic site types to produce forest and other crops, which information may aid these people in designing silvicultural experiments, in making forest management decisions, or in planning alternative uses of the land.Examples have been drawn from the site regions of Ontario to illustrate the principles and methodology of regional research.

Site Classification From Air Photos in a Forest Inventory

1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Bonnor ◽  
K. C. Morrier
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Subsequent Test ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
A Site

A site classification system using 5-metre site index classes was applied in an inventory in eastern Ontario. ir photos and data on site index obtained from fiels work were used by photo interpreters to assign site index classes to individual stands. In a subsequent test of the procedures, the accuracy of the classification was found to be 76 percent. This accuracy, while acceptable, can be increased.The method is intended for use in extensive (regional, provincial) forest inventories and provides an objective (numerical) assessment of site quality.

scholarly journals Fundamentals of the spatially distributed simulation of the water balance of forest sites in a low-range mountain area

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schwärzel ◽  
J. Häntzschel ◽  
T. Grünwald ◽  
B. Köstner ◽  
C. Bernhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Distributed Simulation ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Distributed Components ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
A Site

Abstract. For a sustainable forest management, a site-specific knowledge on the water balance is a prerequisite. A simple and popular field method for assessing the water balance of forest sites is based on overlaying relief and soil information. Furthermore, climatic influence on the water balance is often restricted to longtime average values of precipitation and air temperature (whole year and/or growing season). However, the impacts of climate change and climatic extremes, as well as silvicultural changes, are inadequately considered. To overcome these short-comings, we integrated the 1D-SVAT model BROOK90 and a radiation model in a GIS to simulate the spatially distributed components of water balance of forest sites. In this paper, we present the model concept and show an approach to describe the influence of a complex terrain on parameters controlling the spatial distribution of energy and water fluxes.

scholarly journals Vegetation diversity of the Scots pine stands in different forest sites in the Turawa Forest District

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Stefańska-Krzaczek ◽  
Paweł Pech
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands ◽  
Site Types

Abstract The utility of phytocenotic indices in the diagnosis and classification of forest sites might be limited because of vegetation degeneration in managed forests. However, even in secondary communities it may be possible to determine indicator species, although these may differ from typical and well known plant indicators. The aim of this work was to assess the vegetation diversity of Scots pine stands in representative forest site types along a moisture and fertility gradient. In total 120 sample plots from Turawa forests were included in the study. These plots represented young (21-40 years) and old (> 80 years) Scots-pine-dominated stands. The forest sites were categorised according to Polish site classification. Four site categories were studied: Bśw (very nutrient-poor and mesic sites), BMśw (nutrient-poor and mesic sites), BMw (nutrient-poor and moist sites), LMw (quite nutrient-rich and moist sites). The species composition of the forest patches studied hardly differed among forest site types. Almost all of the vegetation in site Bśw was different from both moist site types (BMw and LMw). Sites Bśw and LMw had the exclusive species determined as site indicators. Moreover, young stands had their own site type indicator species which differed from old stands. Numerical classification showed that only two plant communities were widespread: Leucobryo- Pinetum in Bśw and BMśw, and the community of Pinus sylvestris and Molinia caerulea in BMśw, BMw, LMw. In secondary communities typical indicator species may not be useful, but it is possible to determinate species that are locally unique to forest site type. Despite the convergence in the composition of the plant community resulting from tree stand unification, plant communities have the capacity for a more diverse composition. Tree stand conversion can increase phytocenotic diversity

Changes in DOC and DON fluxes in response to harvest intensity of black-spruce-dominated forest ecosystems in northwestern Ontario

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave M Morris
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Clearcut Harvesting ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Forest Floors ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Site Types

The current study was conducted to quantify and compare dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) fluxes through black-spruce-dominated forests, to compare the source/sink characteristics of sphagnum- versus feathermoss-dominated forest floors, and to identify changes in DOC and DON flow patterns occurring as a result of clearcut harvesting. After 2 yr of pre-harvest monitoring, replicated, experimental harvests of varying intensities of biomass removals were conducted followed by 4 yr of post-harvest sampling. Prior to harvest, the upland site type, dominated by feathermoss, was a significant source of DOC and DON, whereas, the wet-sphagnum-dominated sites exported minor amounts of these solutes. After harvest, DOC and DON fluxes peaked in the second year, but then dropped off significantly to at or below pre-harvest levels. On the upland site type, chipper debris appeared to be a major source of DOC and DON generating fluxes well above the pre-harvest levels. On the wetter site types, it appeared that microclimate differences between harvest treatments had a stronger influence on DOC and DON production than did the amount or type of harvest residue. Full-tree harvesting did not significantly alter the production of DOC and DON when compared with stem-only harvesting on the sites included in this study. Key words: DOC, DON, forest floor leachate, black spruce, harvesting response

Computerized Cone Penetration Test for Soil Classification

2008 ◽  
Vol 2053 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Y. Abu-Farsakh ◽  
Zhongjie Zhang ◽  
Mehmet Tumay ◽  
Mark Morvant
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Classification ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Tip Resistance ◽  
Tip Resistance

Computerized MS-Windows Visual Basic software of a cone penetration test (CPT) for soil classification was developed as part of an extensive effort to facilitate the implementation of CPT technology in many geotechnical engineering applications. Five CPT soil engineering classification systems were implemented as a handy, user-friendly, software tool for geotechnical engineers. In the probabilistic region estimation and fuzzy classification methods, a conformal transformation is first applied to determine the profile of soil classification index (U) with depth from cone tip resistance (qc) and friction ratio (Rf). A statistical correlation was established in the probabilistic region estimation method between the U index and the compositional soil type given by the Unified Soil Classification System. Conversely, the CPT fuzzy classification emphasizes the certainty of soil behavior. The Schmertmann and Douglas and Olsen methods provide soil classification charts based on cone tip resistance and friction ratio. However, Robertson et al. proposed a three-dimensional classification system that is presented in two charts: one chart uses corrected tip resistance (qt) and friction ratio (Rf); the other chart uses qt and pore pressure parameter (Bq) as input data. Five sites in Louisiana were selected for this study. For each site, CPT tests and the corresponding soil boring results were correlated. The soil classification results obtained using the five different CPT soil classification methods were compared.

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