Cerebral Blood Flow Predicts Conversion of Mild Cognitive Impairment into Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitive Decline: An Arterial Spin Labeling Follow-up Study

Background: This is the first longitudinal study to assess regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes during the progression from normal control (NC) through mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: We aim to determine if perfusion MRI biomarkers, derived from our prior cross-sectional study, can predict the onset and cognitive decline of AD. Methods: Perfusion MRIs using arterial spin labeling (ASL) were acquired in 15 stable-NC, 14 NC-to-MCI, 16 stable-MCI, and 18 MCI/AD-to-AD participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) cognition study. Group comparisons, predictions of AD conversion and time to conversion, and Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) from rCBF were performed. Results: Compared to the stable-NC group: 1) the stable-MCI group exhibited rCBF decreases in the right temporoparietal (p = 0.00010) and right inferior frontal and insula (p = 0.0094) regions; and 2) the MCI/AD-to-AD group exhibited rCBF decreases in the bilateral temporoparietal regions (p = 0.00062 and 0.0035). Compared to the NC-to-MCI group, the stable-MCI group exhibited a rCBF decrease in the right hippocampus region (p = 0.0053). The baseline rCBF values in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (p = 0.0043), bilateral superior medial frontal regions (BSMF) (p = 0.012), and left inferior frontal (p = 0.010) regions predicted the 3MSE scores for all the participants at follow-up. The baseline rCBF in the PCC and BSMF regions predicted the conversion and time to conversion from MCI to AD (p < 0.05; not significant after multiple corrections). Conclusion: We demonstrated the feasibility of ASL in detecting rCBF changes in the typical AD-affected regions and the predictive value of baseline rCBF on AD conversion and cognitive decline.

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Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Measured with Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging

International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.1155/2017/5479597 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alba Sierra-Marcos

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Spin Labeling ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) depicts dynamic changes in regional brain function from early stages of the disease. Arterial spin labeling- (ASL-) based MRI methods have been applied for detecting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) perfusion changes in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Nevertheless, the results obtained from ASL studies in AD and MCI are still controversial, since rCBF maps may show both hypoperfusion or hyperperfusion areas in brain structures involved in different cognitive functions. The goal of this review is to provide the current state of the art regarding the role of ASL for detecting distinctive perfusion patterns in subjects with MCI and/or AD. The ability to obtain this information using a noninvasive and widely available modality such as ASL should greatly enhance the knowledge into the broad range of hemodynamically related changes taking place during the cognitive decline process in AD.

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Cerebral Blood Flow and Its Connectivity Deficits in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury at the Acute Stage

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2020/2174371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Fengfang Li ◽

Liyan Lu ◽

Song’an Shang ◽

Huiyou Chen ◽

Peng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Spin Labeling ◽

Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

The Right

Objective. The influence of cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on cerebral vascular perfusion has been widely concerned, yet the resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) connectivity alterations based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remain unclear. This study investigated region CBF and CBF connectivity features in acute mTBI patients, as well as the associations between CBF changes and cognitive impairment. Materials and Methods. Forty-five acute mTBI patients and 42 health controls underwent pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The alterations in regional CBF and relationship between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment were detected. The ASL-CBF connectivity of the brain regions with regional CBF significant differences was also compared between two groups. Neuropsychological tests covered seven cognitive domains. Associations between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment were further investigated. Results. Compared with the healthy controls, the acute mTBI patients exhibited increased CBF in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and decreased CBF in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), the bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and the right cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL). In the mTBI patients, significant correlations were identified between the CBF changes and cognitive impairment. Importantly, the acute mTBI patients exhibited CBF disconnections between the right CPL and right fusiform gyrus (FG) as well as bilateral ITG, between the left SFG and left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and between the right SFG and right FG as well as right parahippocampal gyrus. Conclusion. Our results suggest that acute mTBI patients exhibit both regional CBF abnormalities and CBF connectivity deficits, which may underlie the cognitive impairment of the acute mTBI patients.

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Arterial Spin-Labeling Parameters Influence Signal Variability and Estimated Regional Relative Cerebral Blood Flow in Normal Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment: FAIR versus PICORE Techniques

American Journal of Neuroradiology ◽

10.3174/ajnr.a4291 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (7) ◽

pp. 1231-1236 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K.- O. Lovblad ◽

M.- L. Montandon ◽

M. Viallon ◽

C. Rodriguez ◽

S. Toma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Spin Labeling ◽

Normal Aging ◽

Signal Variability

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The cerebral blood flow deficits in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment using arterial spin labeling MRI

Journal of Neural Transmission ◽

10.1007/s00702-020-02227-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 127 (9) ◽

pp. 1285-1294

Author(s):

Dilek Betul Arslan ◽

Hakan Gurvit ◽

Ozan Genc ◽

Ani Kicik ◽

Kardelen Eryurek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Spin Labeling

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Cerebral Blood Flow Measured with 3D Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin-labeling MR Imaging in Alzheimer Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Marker for Disease Severity

Radiology ◽

10.1148/radiol.12120928 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 267 (1) ◽

pp. 221-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 132

Author(s):

Maja A. A. Binnewijzend ◽

Joost P. A. Kuijer ◽

Marije R. Benedictus ◽

Wiesje M. van der Flier ◽

Alle Meije Wink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Arterial Spin Labeling ◽

Spin Labeling

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Effect of Toki-Shakuyaku-San on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/245091 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Teruyuki Matsuoka ◽

Jin Narumoto ◽

Keisuke Shibata ◽

Aiko Okamura ◽

Shogo Taniguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Emission Computed Tomography ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of toki-shakuyaku-san (TSS) on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). All subjects were administered TSS (7.5 g/day) for eight weeks. SPECT and evaluations using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and Physical Self-Maintenance Scale were performed before and after treatment with TSS. Three patients with MCI and five patients with AD completed the study. No adverse events occurred during the study period. After treatment with TSS, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the posterior cingulate was significantly higher than that before treatment. No brain region showed a significant decrease in rCBF. TSS treatment also tended to improve the score for orientation to place on the MMSE. These results suggest that TSS could be useful for treatment of MCI and AD.

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