Two types of expectancies concerning competitive employment among people with mental illness in supported employment

Importance: Supported employment programs aim to re-integrate unemployed people with mental illness into the competitive labour market. While it is known that short-term economic developments like the 2008 recession may have negative consequences on the supported employment effectiveness rates, research into long-term secular trends has not yet been conducted. Objective: The primary objective of the regression analysis was to assess the effectiveness of supported employment programs for clients with any mental disorder over a longer time period. Further objectives were a comparison to prevocational training and the identification of moderating variables.Data sources: We retrieved publications on randomized controlled trials and on routine implementation programs that were included in four recent systematic reviews on supported employment for people with mental illness, plus very recent publications that were identified by a new search. This search was conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, PsycInfo, CINAHL (Cumulative Index on Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Google Scholar. Study selection: We included any publication that was used in the four meta-analyses plus very recently published studies. The included studies were conducted between 1990 and 2015. Data extraction and synthesis: 80 studies with 14,437 participants were included in the analysis. Data was extracted by one author and cross-checked by the second author. We have conducted univariate and multivariate meta-regressions on the basis of a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions. The best-fitting model was computed by utilizing a statistical model selection procedure. Main Outcome and Measures: The outcome was the competitive employment rate over time. The year of study conduction (1990 to 2015) was regressed on the competitive employment rate. Regression coefficient estimates were computed and graphically displayed.

Download Full-text

Supported employment – improving competitive employment for people with mental illness: The role of motivation and social network

Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/jvr-130661 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elisabeth Brantschen ◽

Wolfram Kawohl ◽

Wulf Rössler ◽

Bettina Bärtsch ◽

Carlos Nordt

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Social Network ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Competitive Employment ◽

People With Mental Illness

Download Full-text

?Placement Budgets? for supported employment - improving competitive employment for people with mental illness

http://isrctn.org/> ◽

10.1186/isrctn89670872 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Nordt

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Competitive Employment ◽

People With Mental Illness

Download Full-text

‘Placement budgets’ for supported employment – improving competitive employment for people with mental illness: study protocol of a multicentre randomized controlled trial

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/1471-244x-12-165 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Carlos Nordt ◽

Elisabeth Brantschen ◽

Wolfram Kawohl ◽

Bettina Bärtsch ◽

Helene Haker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Competitive Employment ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

People With Mental Illness ◽

Illness Study

Download Full-text

The effects of supported employment interventions in populations of people with conditions other than severe mental health: a systematic review

Primary Health Care Research & Development ◽

10.1017/s1463423621000827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Katrin Probyn ◽

Martin Stav Engedahl ◽

Dévan Rajendran ◽

Tamar Pincus ◽

Khadija Naeem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Methadone Treatment ◽

Homeless People ◽

Competitive Employment ◽

People With Mental Illness ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Employment Education ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Aim: To assess the effectiveness of supported employment interventions for improving competitive employment in populations of people with conditions other than only severe mental illness. Background: Supported employment interventions have been extensively tested in severe mental illness populations. These approaches may be beneficial outside of these populations. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, JSTOR, PEDro, OTSeeker, and NIOSHTIC for trials including unemployed people with any condition and including severe mental illness if combined with other co-morbidities or other specific circumstances (e.g., homelessness). We excluded trials where inclusion was based on severe mental illness alone. Two reviewers independently assessed risk of bias (RoB v2.0) and four reviewers extracted data. We assessed rates of competitive employment as compared to traditional vocational rehabilitation or waiting list/services as usual. Findings: Ten randomised controlled trials (913 participants) were included. Supported employment was more effective than control interventions for improving competitive employment in seven trials: in people with affective disorders [risk ratio (RR) 10.61 (1.49, 75.38)]; mental disorders and justice involvement [RR 4.44 (1.36,14.46)]; veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [RR 2.73 (1.64, 4.54)]; formerly incarcerated veterans [RR 2.17 (1.09, 4.33)]; people receiving methadone treatment [RR 11.5 (1.62, 81.8)]; veterans with spinal cord injury at 12 months [RR 2.46 (1.16, 5.22)] and at 24 months [RR 2.81 (1.98, 7.37)]; and young people not in employment, education, or training [RR 5.90 (1.91–18.19)]. Three trials did not show significant benefits from supported employment: populations of workers with musculoskeletal injuries [RR 1.38 (1.00, 1.89)]; substance abuse [RR 1.85 (0.65, 5.41)]; and formerly homeless people with mental illness [RR 1.55 (0.76, 3.15)]. Supported employment interventions may be beneficial to people from more diverse populations than those with severe mental illness alone. Defining competitive employment and increasing (and standardising) measurement of non-vocational outcomes may help to improve research in this area.

Download Full-text

Attitudes toward disabilities and mental illness in work settings: a review

Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale ◽

10.1017/s1121189x00003213 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 29-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Edoardo Mangili ◽

Marco Ponteri ◽

Chiara Buizza ◽

Giuseppe Rossi

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Work Force ◽

Job Applicants ◽

Attitudes Toward Disabilities ◽

High Educational Level ◽

Work Settings ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

People With Mental Illness ◽

High Educational

SummaryAims – The aim of the present work is to analyse employers' and employees' attitudes towards the job integration of people with mental illness or disability and to highlight the socio-demographic and organizational characteristic that are more significantly associated with such attitudes. Method – We performedPsycINFO, AskERIC and Medlinesearches for studies published from 1961 to 2002, with key words such asattitudes, stigma, schizophrenia, mental illness, disability, employers, employees, co-workers and supported employment. Results – Our review of the literature showed that the possibility for people with severe mental illness or disability to enter job market is limited by the discriminating attitudes of employers. The socio-demographic and organizational characteristics, which are more significantly associated with employers' more positive attitudes, are: dimension of the company, previous positive contact with people with disability and employers' high educational level. Conclusions – Such information could be useful to identify and, perhaps, select those companies, which can be predicted as more likely to accept people with mental disorders as part of their work force; they could also be used to train job applicants to improve their social skills. Finally such information could be used to plan specific programs to modify attitudes of employees and employers.Declaration of Interestsin the last two years, the authors have been paid by the IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli in Brescia (Italy), either as employees, or through research assistantships, or as free professionals.

Download Full-text

Generalisability of the individual placement and support model of supported employment: results of a Canadian randomised controlled trial

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.105.012641 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 189 (1) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Eric A. Latimer ◽

Tania Lecomte ◽

Deborah R. Becker ◽

Robert E. Drake ◽

Isabelle Duclos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Supported Employment ◽

Control Group ◽

Competitive Employment ◽

Individual Placement And Support ◽

Vocational Services ◽

The Usa ◽

The Individual ◽

Individual Placement

BackgroundStudies conducted in the USA have found the individual placement and support model of supported employment to be more effective than traditional vocational rehabilitation at helping people with severe mental illness to find and maintain competitive employment.AimsTo determine the effectiveness of the individual placement and support (supported employment) model in a Canadian setting.MethodA total of 150 adults with severe mental illness, who were not currently employed and who desired competitive employment, were randomly assigned to receive either supported employment (n=75) or traditional vocational services (n=75).ResultsOver the 12 months of follow-up, 47% of clients in the supported employment group obtained at least some competitive employment, v. 18% of the control group (P<0.001). They averaged 126 h of competitive work, v. 72 inthe control group (P<0.001).ConclusionsSupported employment proved more effective than traditional vocational services in a setting significantly different from settings in the USA, and may therefore be generalised to settings in other countries.

Download Full-text