scholarly journals Preliminary Optimization and Kinetics of SnCl2-HCl Catalyzed Hydrothermal Conversion of Microcrystalline Cellulose to Levulinic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-162
Author(s):  
Dexby de Guzman ◽  
Rizalinda de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Reaction Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Glucose Using Bronsted Acid Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meutia Ermina Toif ◽  
Muslikhin Hidayat ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
Arief Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Initial Glucose Concentration ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Glucose is the primary derivative of lignocellulosic biomass, which is abundantly available. Glucose has excellent potential to be converted into valuable compounds such as ethanol, sorbitol, gluconic acid, and levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic acid is a very promising green platform chemical. It is composed of two functional groups, ketone and carboxylate groups which can act as highly reactive electrophiles for nucleophilic attack so it has extensive applications, including fuel additives, raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry, and cosmetics. The reaction kinetics of LA synthesis from glucose using hydrochloric acid catalyst (bronsted acid) were studied in a wide range of operating conditions, i.e., temperature of 140-180 oC, catalyst concentration of 0.5-1.5 M, and initial glucose concentration of 0.1-0.5 M. The highest LA yield is 48.34 %wt at 0.1 M initial glucose concentration, 1 M HCl, and temperature of 180 oC. The experimental results show that the bronsted acid catalyst's reaction pathway consists of glucose decomposition to levoglucosan (LG), conversion of LG to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and rehydration of HMF to LA. The experimental data yields a good fitting by assuming a first-order reaction model.

Hydrothermal conversion of glucose to levulinic acid using multifunctional ionic liquids: effects of metal ion co-catalysts on the product yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Kumar ◽  
Firdaus Parveen ◽  
Tanmoy Patra ◽  
Sreedevi Upadhyayula
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Hydrothermal Conversion ◽  
Co Catalysts ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Acidic Ionic Liquids

An efficient catalytic system comprising Bronsted acidic ionic liquids and Lewis acidic metal salts for hydrothermal glucose conversion to platform chemicals.

scholarly journals Reaction Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Glucose Using Bronsted Acid Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 904-915
Author(s):  
Meutia Ermina Toif ◽  
Muslikhin Hidayat ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
Arief Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nucleophilic Attack ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Initial Glucose Concentration ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Kinetics Of

Glucose is one of the primary derivative products from lignocellulosic biomass, which is abundantly available. Glucose has excellent potential to be converted into valuable compounds such as ethanol, sorbitol, gluconic acid, and levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic acid is an exceptionally promising green platform chemical. It comprises two functional groups, ketone and carboxylate, acting as highly reactive electrophiles for a nucleophilic attack. Therefore, it has extensive applications, including fuel additives, raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry, and cosmetics. This study reports the reaction kinetics of LA synthesis from glucose catalyzed by hydrochloric acid (HCl), a Bronsted acid, that was carried out under a wide range of operating conditions; i.e. the temperature of 140–180 °C, catalyst concentration of 0.5–1.5 M, and initial glucose concentration of 0.1–0.5 M. The highest LA yield of 48.34 % was able to be obtained from an initial glucose concentration of 0.1 M and by using 1 M HCl at 180 °C. The experimental results show that the Bronsted acid-catalyzed reaction pathway consists of glucose decomposition to levoglucosan (LG), conversion of LG to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and rehydration of HMF to LA. The experimental data yields a good fitting by assuming a first-order reaction model. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 

scholarly journals Study of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Microcrystalline Cellulose and HVS A4 Paper in Pressurized CO2 Media

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Eka Pramudita ◽  
Marcella Lauditta Noviana ◽  
Henky Muljana
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The aim of this work is to investigate the potential used of pressurized CO2 in the pre-treatment and the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste HVS A4 paperto produce a monomeric sugars (C5 and C6 sugars) which is a precursor for bioethanol production. Prior to the utilization of waste HVS A4 paper, the microcrystalline cellulose and HVS A4 paper were first used in the experiments as model compound in order to gain better insights of the process. The experiment consists of two main parts which are the preliminary experimentsto determine the best pretreatment conditionsbetween two selected pressure values (80 and 100 bar) at a fixed temperature (T = 75 oC) and the enzymatic hydrolysis experiments. In the latter, the microcrystalline and HVS A4 paper were hydrolyzed at different pressures (100 bar, 125 bar, and 150 bar) and at different cellulase intakes (1% (v/v), 3% (v/v), and 5% (v/v)) with a fixed temperature (50°C). The hydrolyzed products were analyzed with a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the monomeric sugars and to determine the presence of the side products (furfural, HMF and levulinic acid). Within the experimental range, a maximum glucose concentration of 7602.35 ppm and 4560.79 ppm are obtained for microcrystalline and HVS A4 paper, respectively. In addition, there are no furfural, HMF and levulinic acid detected in the products This study shows a potential used of pressurized CO2 in the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of the model compound and gives a better insight for further application.

Kinetics of esterification of levulinic acid with n-butanol by homogeneous catalysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Jorg Bart ◽  
Johann Reidetschlager ◽  
Klemens Schatka ◽  
Andreas Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Kinetics Of
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