THE PLACE OF ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS IN THE RANGE OF MEDICINES USED IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The diabetes is one of the most pressing medical and social problems in the health care system of most countries, including Tajikistan. According to experts from the International Health Organization, this disease is a problem for all segments of the population and age groups. In this regard, the modernization of the price regulation system in order to provide consumers with highly effective, harmless and affordable antidiabetic drugs is an urgent task of the health care and public protection system of the Republic of Tajikistan. The aim of the work is to study the range of drugs registered in the Republic of Tajikistan for the treatment of diabetes. The object of the study were scientific sources, statistics, price indicators, official websites of authorized publications on registered medicines. The research was conducted using methods of analysis, systematization and generalization, mathematical and statistical calculations. The range of oral hypoglycemic drugs presented on the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Tajikistan was studied and the analysis of the pharmaceutical market of oral antidiabetic drugs by countries-manufacturers, dosage forms, groups of anatomical-therapeutic-chemical (ATC) classification was carried out. On March 1, 2021, 70 trade names of oral hypoglycemic drugs were registered. The range of drugs is mainly represented by drugs from the group of sulfanylurea derivatives (21 trade names of drugs or 30% of the total number of drugs in this group), as well as drugs from the group of biguanide derivatives (17 trade names of drugs or 24.28% of their total quantity). In the structure of deliveries of oral hypoglycemic drugs the leading positions are occupied by India – 31.25% (15 LP), Pakistan – 22.91% (11 LP), Ukraine – 14.58% (7 LP), Belarus and Germany – 6.25% each. (3 LP each). Registered 8 names of insulin preparations for injection in the form of vials (5 ml and 10 ml) and cartridges made in Ukraine («Farmak», «Indar») and India («Wockhardt Limited») and in pre-filled syringe pens produced by the company «Indar», Ukraine.

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Time and Latitude in South Africa

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100026816 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 27-38

Author(s):

J. Hers

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Cape Town ◽

Astronomical Observations ◽

Royal Observatory ◽

The Republic ◽

Astronomical Determination ◽

Limited Accuracy ◽

Better Than

In South Africa the modern outlook towards time may be said to have started in 1948. Both the two major observatories, The Royal Observatory in Cape Town and the Union Observatory (now known as the Republic Observatory) in Johannesburg had, of course, been involved in the astronomical determination of time almost from their inception, and the Johannesburg Observatory has been responsible for the official time of South Africa since 1908. However the pendulum clocks then in use could not be relied on to provide an accuracy better than about 1/10 second, which was of the same order as that of the astronomical observations. It is doubtful if much use was made of even this limited accuracy outside the two observatories, and although there may – occasionally have been a demand for more accurate time, it was certainly not voiced.

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